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Enzymes-What Are They? PowerPoint Presentation

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Enzymes-What Are They? Presentation Transcript

Slide 1 - Enzymes Learning objective: to examine what enzymes are and describe how they work. 16th October
Slide 2 - Enzymes What are they? Why do we need them? Name some examples ?
Slide 3 - Enzymes Globular proteins that catalyse chemical reactions in living organisms Properties
Slide 4 - Enzymes Globular proteins that catalyse chemical reactions in living organisms Properties Specific
Slide 5 - Enzymes Globular proteins that catalyse chemical reactions in living organisms Properties Specific Increase rate of the reaction
Slide 6 - Enzymes Globular proteins that catalyse chemical reactions in living organisms Properties Specific Increase rate of the reaction Unchanged at the end of the reaction
Slide 7 - Enzymes Globular proteins that catalyse chemical reactions in living organisms Properties Specific Increase rate of the reaction Unchanged at the end of the reaction Need them
Slide 8 - Enzymes Globular proteins that catalyse chemical reactions in living organisms Properties Specific Increase rate of the reaction Unchanged at the end of the reaction Need them Reactions too slow to maintain life Can’t increase temperatures/pressure in cells (fatal)
Slide 9 - Enzymes Are Proteins The enzyme binds to the substrates by its active site The active site is a pocket formed by the folding of the protein where the substrates bind.
Slide 10 - Enzymes Are Proteins The enzyme binds to the substrates by its active site The active site is a pocket formed by the folding of the protein where the substrates bind.
Slide 11 - Active site The active site involves a small number of key residues that actually bind the substrates The rest of the protein structure is needed to maintain these residues in position
Slide 12 - How do enzymes work?
Slide 13 - An Example
Slide 14 - An Example Sucrose + H2O Glucose + Fructose
Slide 15 - An Example Sucrose + H2O Glucose + Fructose Substrates Products
Slide 16 - For a reaction to occur the sucrose and water would have to collide with enough energy to break and form bonds
Slide 17 - For a reaction to occur the sucrose and water would have to collide with enough energy to break and form bonds This is the activation energy
Slide 18 - Sucrose + H2O Glucose + Fructose + + Substrates Products
Slide 19 - Energy Progress of reaction
Slide 20 - Energy Progress of reaction Substrates
Slide 21 - Energy Progress of reaction Substrates Products
Slide 22 - Energy Progress of reaction Substrates Products High energy intermediate
Slide 23 - Energy Progress of reaction Substrates Products High energy intermediate Activation energy
Slide 24 - The minimum amount of energy needed to start the reaction, leading to the formation of a high energy intermediate = The Activation energy
Slide 25 - Energy Progress of reaction Substrates Products High energy intermediate Activation energy Enzymes reduce the height of the energy barrier
Slide 26 - Questions Write a definition for the following: Active Site Substrate Products 2. Explain how the structure of the protein is linked to its ability to act as an enzyme? 3. How does heating a mixture increase the chance that a chemical reaction Will occur? Why can’t this approach be used in cells? 4. Write a paragraph in your own words describing how enzymes act as catalysts by lowering activation energy. Read page 57-60
Slide 27 - This powerpoint was kindly donated to www.worldofteaching.com http://www.worldofteaching.com is home to over a thousand powerpoints submitted by teachers. This is a completely free site and requires no registration. Please visit and I hope it will help in your teaching.