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Slide 1 - The Blast Furnace
Slide 2 - What is a Blast Furnace? The purpose of a blast furnace is to reduce and convert iron oxides into iron. The blast furnace is a huge, steel stack lined with bricks. Iron ore(haematitie), coke and limestone are put into the top, and hot air is blown into the bottom.
Slide 3 - Why does Iron have to be extracted in a Blast Furnace??? Iron can be extracted by the blast furnace because it can be displaced by carbon/carbon monoxide. This is more efficient method than electrolysis because it is more cost effective
Slide 4 - ppt slide no 4 content not found
Slide 5 - Three substances are needed to enable to extraction of iron from its ore. The combined mixture is called the charge: Iron ore, haematite - often contains sand with iron oxide, Fe2O3. Limestone (calcium carbonate). Coke - mainly carbon The charge is placed into The blast furnace which is around 30 metres high and lined with fireproof bricks. Hot air is blasted through the bottom. The Method
Slide 6 - Oxygen in the air reacts with coke to give carbon dioxide: C(s) + O 2(g)  CO2(g) The limestone breaks down to form carbon dioxide: CaCO3(s)  CO2 (g) + CaO(s) Carbon dioxide produced in 1 + 2 react with more coke to produce carbon monoxide: CO2(g) + C(s)  2CO(g) Several reactions take place before the iron is finally produced...
Slide 7 - The carbon monoxide reduces the iron oxide in the ore to give molten iron: 3CO(g) + Fe2O3(s)  2Fe(l) + 3CO2(g) The calcium oxide (lime) from 2, reacts with the sand to form slag (calcium silicate): CaO(s) + SiO(s)  CaSiO3(l)
Slide 8 - Both the slag and iron are drained from the bottom of the furnace. The slag is mainly used to build roads. The iron whilst molten is poured into moulds and left to solidify - this is called cast iron and is used to make railings and storage tanks. The rest of the iron is used to make steel.
Slide 9 - End