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Agricultural Informatics & Communication Perspective and prospective M.V.S. Sarma
Agricultural Informatics Division
National Informatics Centre
Department of Information Technology Agriculture Sector is changing the socio-economic environments of the population due to liberalization and globalization
About 75% people are living in rural areas and are still dependent on Agriculture. About 43% of India’s geographical area is used for agricultural activity
Agriculture continues to play a major role in Indian Economy Indian Agriculture Indian Agriculture Provides about 65% of the livelihood
Accounts for 27% of GDP
Contributes 21% of Total Exports, and Supplies Raw materials to Industries
Growth Rate in production - 5.7%
Food grains production – 211.17 mt India’s position in world Agriculture Rank
Total Area Seventh
Irrigated Area First
Population Second
Economically Active population Second
Total Cereals Third
Wheat Second
Rice Second
Coarse grains Fourth
Total Pulses First
Oil Seeds Second
Fruits and Vegetables Second
Implements (Tractors) Third
Milk First
Live Stock (castles, Buffaloes) First
Agricultural Resources Total Geographical Area (TGA) - 329 M.H
Potential for Biological Production - 265 M.H
Net Sown Area (NSA) - 143 M.H
Net Irrigated Area - 56 M.H
Area threatened by land degradation - 50% of T GA
Drought-prone Area - 190 M.H
Mile Stones in Agricultural Development Green Revolution (1968)
Ever-Green Revolution (1996)
Blue Revolution (water, fish)
White Revolution (Milk)
Yellow Revolution (flower, edible)
Bio-Technology Revolution
ICT Revolution Development of Indian Agriculture : Basic Issues Revitalization of Cooperative Institutions
Improving Rural Credits
Research, Education & Extension
Human Resources Development
Trade & Export Promotion
Land Reforms
Enabling Environment for higher Agricultural Growth
The thrust areas: Diversification of Agriculture
Inter-cropping
Micro Management
Water Management
Organic Farming
Agri-Clinics and Agri-business Centres
Bio-Technology Efforts on Policies, strategies and Frameworks National Agriculture Policy (2000)
National Seeds policy (2002)
Cooperative Policy
Agricultural Price policy
Agricultural Extension Framework (2001)
WTO/GATT agreement (1994)
In addition to, various working groups, taskforces, mid-term appraisals and plan schemes (~68)
(for further details www.agricoop.nic.in)
Reports
Agriculture Credit, Cooperation and Crop
Horticulture Development including Spices Aromatic and Medicinal Plants and Plantation Crops
Agriculture Infrastructure/Warehousing/Rural Godowns/Marketing/Post Harvest Management, Processing and Cold Storage, Trade and Export Promotion.
Crop Husbandry, Demand and Supply Projections and Agricultural Inputs Agriculture Research and Education
Animal Husbandry & Dairying
Agriculture Statistics
Watershed Development, Rainfed Farming and Natural Resources Management
|Agriculture Development in Eastern and North-Eastern India
Agriculture and Allied Sectors
Organic and Biodynamic Farming
(for further details www.planningcommission.nic.in) Technologies for Sustainable Agricultural Development Biotechnology
Pre & post harvesting technology
Energy saving technology
Environment protection technology
Information and Communication technology
GIS & RS technology
Internet/Intranet Technology
Fusion of Technologies for Sustainable Development - A Synergy of Multiple Disciplines Database Technology
Internet/Intranet Technology
GIS and Remote Sensing
Image Processing
GPS
Artificial Intelligence
Modeling
IT led Agricultural Development The beginning: (e-readiness) A two day conference (ISDA-1995 ) was held to assess IT Infrastructure and empowerment needs for IT led development in Agriculture Sector (one of the major recommendations was about 3% of the agriculture budget should be spent on Informatics Development)
IT Plan for Agriculture Sector (AGRISNET) was submitted to Ministry of Agriculture in 1997 to establish “Indian Agriculture on-line” and revised in 2000.
IT Applications for Agricultural Development Requires Inter-Sectoral Approach Census Mach. Marketing Coop. Credit Crops Exten. Fert Hort DM PPQ PP RFS IRS TMOP States / Uts / Districts ICAR Institutes Resource Information Attached/subordinate offices Specified Subject Portals FARMER Ministry of Agriculture DACNET AgRIS AGRISNET ARISNET Complementarities Among the Proposed Networks AGRISNET ARISNET DACNET DAC Portals AgRIS IT plan for Agriculture To strengthen IT in Agriculture and creation of Databases & Information Network for Agriculture Sector :-
The plan was divided into three schemes by DAC
Central Sector Schemes proposed
DAC Hqrs
Networking of DAC Field Units (DACNET)
State & District and Sub-District level
(AGRISNET) Present Status of IT Scheme (s) of DAC: Various Components emerging as one scheme:
IT apparatus in DAC Hqrs.
IT apparatus in the Field offices and Directorates of DAC (DACNET) Phase II
Development of Agricultural Informatics and Communication
Agricultural Resources Information
System
IT apparatus for States/UTs (AGRISNET) and
Agricultural Marketing Information Network (AGMARKNET) Phase II
Information Systems Requirement in Agriculture GIS/RS based Systems:
Soil and Land use
Watershed developments
Disaster management
Cropping systems
Agriculture Resources Information
Organic farming (bio-fertilisers)
Crop weather watch Decision Support Systems Integrated Nutrient Management
Integrated Pest Management
Demand-Supply Projections
Soil-Water balance
Credit Management
Inter-cropping systems
Bio-fertilizer management
Early Warning System
E-Commerce Applications Agri-Business
(Agri-clinics and Agri-Business Centres)
Agricultural Marketing
Agricultural Trade
Cooperatives
Horticulture
(horticulture, floriculture, sericulture, aquaculture etc,. )
Organic farming
Agriculture Statistics
Ongoing ICT Projects of DAC
DACNET (dacnet.nic.in)
AGMARKNET (agmarknet.nic.in)
PPIN (cib/rc) (cibrc.nic.in)
VISTARNET
AGRICULTURAL CENSUS
NADAMS (National Agricultural Drought Advisory and Management Systems)
HORTNET
Projects Under Pipeline:
AGRISNET
AgRIS (Resources Information System)
Development of Agricultural Informatics
DACNET (phase – II)
AGMARKNET (Phase – II)
Agricultural Census 2000-2001
Other ICT projects of Agriculture APHNET (Animal Production and Health Informatics Network)
ARISNET (Agricultural Research and Information System)
Water Resources Informatics System
APEDA
NPRE etc.,
Towards e-Government in DAC A High Speed LAN established with more than 500 nodes (round the clock services)
INTRANET/INTERNET applications are being implemented as part of e-Government
Regular use of VC for scheme monitoring and plans
(X Five Year Plan proposals were discussed on VC
with all States)
7/24 Services provided during Orissa Super cyclone, Gujarat Earth Quake, drought mitigation
Implementations of Minimum Agenda of e-governance
Towards e-Government in DAC (Contd.) In-house Training Centre established
More than 800 officials trained in DAC
NICNET based Public Information and facilitation Centre established
Information Kiosk
Various paid projects implemented like Integrated Crops MIS, LAN etc.
ISDA Conference conducted for IT assessment in Agriculture sector
IT Plan submitted for IXth and Xth Five plans
Portals developed AGMARKNET
DACNET
CIB/RC (PPIN)
VISTARNET*
Agricultural Census*
* Under development DACNET A Scheme for bringing E-Governance in the Directorates and Field Units of Department of Agriculture & Cooperation (DAC) Establish Functional Hardware/software tools
Provide training
Develop Application Software
Assist in further system enhancement, if required
Establish LAN / Network / Internet Service With a Mandate to Information Flow from Field Units
(DACNET) Central Databases Census Mach. Marketing Coop. Credit Crops Exten. Fert Hort NDM Plan-Co PPQ PP RFS SWC TMOP IC&Trade Field Offices Directorates databases Planners / Decision makers AGRISNET envisages AGRISNET – A NICNET Based Agricultural Informatics & Communication to facilitate Higher Sustainable Agricultural productivity and Establish “Indian Agriculture on-line” in the Country
Convergence of Core Technologies and e-Governance AGRISNET envisages IT Infrastructure
(H/W, S/W tools and Networking)
Information Networks
(Web sites, portals, Vertical portals)
Data Warehousing
(Database, Data Mining and Mata Data)
Web enabled applications
GIS/RS based applications
IT Empowerment (HRD) AGRISNET components Internet/Intranet services
E-Commerce & EDI Services
National & International Video Conferencing
Networking (LAN, MAN, WAN) using terrestrial, Satellite, & Wireless Communication
AGRISNET components IT Training
Data Base, Knowledge Base, and Analytical Model Base development for Decision Support
Disaster management Sub-networks under AGRISNET The following sub-networks will strengthen these portals:
FERTNET: Fertilizer Network
HORTNET: Horticulture Network
PPIN: Plant Protection Network
VISTERNET: Agricultural Extension Network
CROPSNET : Crops Information Network
SEEDNET: Seeds Informatics Network
ACINET: Agricultural Credit Informatics Network
AGMARKNRT:Agricultural Marketing Network
ARISNET: Agricultural Research Information System Network To strengthen these sub-networks, AGRISNET nodes will be established at National, State, District, and Block level with Internet/Intranet gateway at National and regional level.
Agri-Clinic and Agri-business centres will be set up outside the Government set up to facilitate Un-employed agricultural graduates to generate income and employment through “Knowledge services” for farmers. The emerging technologies on “last mile” problems provide required technology solutions to establish Agri-clinic and Agri-business centres at sub district level Hort. Division INTRADAC Attached , Subordinate, Autonomous, Field Offices State, District & Block Agricultural Offices Mail Server Internet Server Database Server Data Ware housing GIS Server Workgroups “Agriculture On-line” DACNET AGRISNET NRM Division Crops Division Admn. Division Finance Div. Agricultural Resource Information (core group – V on Agriculture and Soils (NNRMS-AC-AS)). Arid Agro-Ecosystem, Coastal Agro-Ecosystem, Hill & Mountain Agro-Ecosystem, Irrigated Agro-Ecosystem, and Rainfed Agro-Ecosystem. The pilot project demonstration, one district each with various typologies (13) using GIS/RS based Technology Thank You In e-Governance, “electronic” means support and stimulate good governance. E-Governance will mature according to the following four phases (Garter Report) Information Presence : Websites
Interaction Intake Process: e-mail, search engines,
download forms and documents
Transaction Complete Transactions: Network and
Information Security
Transformation Integration and Change: Virtual counter Accessibility
Width of reach Affordability
by common man/ target customers Accessibility
Width of reach Affordability
by common man/ target customers Communicability
in People’s Language Communicability
in People’s Language Availability
of Information across multiple delivery channels Availability
of Information across multiple delivery channels Reliability
of transactions across multiple delivery channels Reliability
of transactions across multiple delivery channels Viability
Economic and political returns Viability
Economic and political returns Re-engineering
of Processes within Government Re-engineering
of Processes within Government Collaboration among the servicing departments Collaboration among the servicing departments Trustworthy
Adequate security and auditability e-Governance Imperatives Service related Service related Implementation
Related Creating stakeholders buy-in through internal/external communications Accessibility
Width of reach Affordability
by common man/ target customers Communicability
in People’s Language Availability
of Information across multiple delivery channels Reliability
of transactions across multiple delivery channels Viability
Economic and political returns Re-engineering
of Processes within Government Collaboration among the servicing departments Trustworthy
Adequate security and auditability Diversification for Sustainable Agriculture
Efficient use of resources (Example, crops in command area for rational sharing of water and also types of crops as per availability of water)
Crop diversification in dark and grey areas where groundwater exploitation is high (less water requiring crop)
For sustainable land use and in areas of depleting soil fertility (Example, Rice-wheat cropping)
For efficient natural resource management
Population and Food grains Needs
The population as per latest census (2001-02), the estimated population is 1033.5 million
Requirement of food grains for Human consumption is 174 m t (NIN, Hyderabad) and production requirement is 195 mt
Therefore, our production is expected to be higher than the requirement calculated on normative method
We have 26 per cent population below poverty who have poor economic access to food grains. Their low purchasing power may not permit them to purchase 182.5 kg per capita per annum. If they can purchase only 70 per cent of their requirements, this would imply availability of additional 15 mt in the market
- Food Corporation has stocks of over 60 m t against the norm of about 24 m t
- Average pulse production during IXth Plan is 13 mt,
the requirement of pulses is about 15 mt
- Rate of growth of consumption of Rice and Wheat is expected to decline.
Therefore, the answer to first question is in affirmative. Then we need to diversify our agriculture
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