Child Abuse Exploitation PowerPoint Presentation

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Department of Public Safety and Correctional Services Maryland Police and Correctional Training Commissions Public Safety Education Training Center Police Entry Level Training Program Child Abuse & Child Exploitation

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES 01.07.17 - Identify the basic elements of the crime: Child Abuse 09.13.00 - Identify the various types terms associated with Child Exploitation. 09.13.01 Define the term: Child Sexual Molestation 09.13.02 Define the term: Child Exploitation 09.13.03 Define the term: Child Prostitution 09.13.04 Define the term: Child Pornography 09.13.05 Define the term: Child Sexual Exploitation

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Molestation What is Child Sexual Abuse (Molestation)? There is no universal definition of child sexual abuse / molestation. However, a central characteristic of any abuse is the dominant position of an adult that allows him or her to force or coerce a child into sexual activity.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Molestation Child sexual abuse may include: fondling a child's genitals, masturbation, oral-genital contact, digital penetration, vaginal and anal intercourse.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Molestation These types of activities could / may also be classified as types of Child Sexual Molestation, Child Sexual Exploitation and Child Pornography. Child sexual abuse (molestation) is not solely restricted to physical contact; such abuse could include non-contact abuse, such as exposure, voyeurism, and child pornography.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Molestation Who are the Victims of Child Sexual Abuse (Molestation)? Children and adolescents, regardless of their race, culture, or economic status, appear to be at approximately equal risk for sexual victimization. Statistics show that girls are sexually abused more often than boys are. However, boys' and, later, men's, tendency not to report their victimization may affect these statistics.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Molestation Who are the Perpetrators of Child Sexual Abuse (molestation)? Studies on who commits child sexual abuse vary in their findings, but the most common finding is that the majority of sexual offenders are family members or are otherwise known to the child. Sexual abuse by strangers is not nearly as common as sexual abuse by family members.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Molestation Who are the Perpetrators of Child Sexual Abuse (molestation)? (continued) Research further shows that men perpetrate most instances of sexual abuse, but there are cases in which women are the offenders. Despite a common myth, homosexual men are not more likely to sexually abuse children than heterosexual men are.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Molestation Molestation - the act of subjecting someone to unwanted or improper sexual advances or activity (especially women or children). Molestation n. the crime of sexual acts with children up to the age of 18: including touching of private parts, exposure of genitalia, taking of pornographic pictures, inducement of sexual acts with the molester or with other children, and variations of these acts by pedophiles.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Molestation Molestation also applies to incest by a relative with a minor family member, and any unwanted sexual acts with adults short of rape. Child molestation is a crime involving a range of indecent or sexual activities between an adult and a child, usually under the age of 14. In psychiatric terms, these acts are sometimes known as pedophilia. It is important, however, to keep in mind that child molestation and child Sexual Abuse refer to specific, legally defined actions.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Molestation They do not necessarily imply that the perpetrator bears a particular psychological makeup or motive. For example, not all incidents of child molestation are perpetrated by pedophiles; sometimes the perpetrator has other motives for his or her actions and does not manifest an ongoing pattern of sexual attraction to children. Thus, not all child molestation is perpetrated by pedophiles, and not all pedophiles actually commit child molestation.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Molestation Regardless of the terminology, it is illegal for an adult to touch any portion of a child's body with a "lewd and lascivious" intent. Usually, consent is not a matter of consideration, and is not available as a defense to a charge of child molestation. Even in cases where it can be proven that the minor victim was a willing participant, a sex act or improper touching is still a crime because children cannot legally consent (in Maryland under 14 years old) to anything. Criminal penalties are severe for those convicted of child molestation.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Molestation The Justice Department reports the alarming statistic that one in four girls and one in seven boys will experience sexual abuse before the age of 18. There is no single profile that accurately describes or accounts for all child molesters. There are many variables among individuals in terms of their personal characteristics, life experiences, criminal histories, and reasons for committing such offenses. Molestation is considered to be one of the world's worst crimes.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Molestation Molestation is the sexual exploitation of a child or a woman by an adult for sexual gratification or for profit. Sexual molestation (abuse) may include: Fondling Mutual masturbation Sodomy Coitus Child pornography and child prostitution Molestation is the act of subjecting someone to unwanted or improper sexual advances or activity (especially women or children).

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Molester Characteristics Child molesters try to create lifestyles that allow them access to children. They have jobs that involve children, they volunteer in child organizations, they go to church, and they will go wherever they possibly can to find a victim. Child molesters target specific ages and genders. They may even choose children due to hair color, size, or eye color. They may threaten their victims, bribe them, or convince them that they are in love with their molester.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Molester Characteristics Female Child Molesters When people think of child molesters they typically think of men. One out of seven boys will be sexually assaulted before they reach the age of 18. The female abuse on young men is not discussed as frequently as male sexual offenders. Boys that have been abused typically do not tell because they feel so embarrassed. A boy feels a devastating sense of shame and tries to compensate for negative feelings about himself. Female child molesters cannot be forgotten when teaching your children safety techniques.

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Child sexual abuse may include all of the following except: fondling a child's genitals, masturbation, oral-genital contact, medical examination by a licensed Pediatrician, digital penetration, and vaginal and anal intercourse

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The act of subjecting someone to unwanted or improper sexual advances or activity (especially women or children) describes the term: Child Sexual Abuse Child Exploitation Child Prostitution Molestation

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Statistics show that girls are sexually abused more often than boys are. However, boys' and, later, men's, tendency not to report their victimization may affect these statistics. True False

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Some of the most common signs of child molestation could include all of the following EXCEPT: Change in eating habits Bruises, rashes, cuts, limping, or poorly explained injuries An outgoing and pleasant personality. Other behavioral signals such as aggressive or disruptive behavior, running away, failing in school.

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___________ also applies to incest by a relative with a minor family member, and any unwanted sexual acts with adults short of rape. Pedophilia Molestation Child Pornography Child Exploitation

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Pedophilia Pedophilia As a medical diagnosis, pedophilia is defined as a psychiatric disorder in adults or late adolescents (persons age 16 or older) typically characterized by a primary or exclusive sexual interest in prepubescent children (generally age 13 years or younger, though onset of puberty may vary). The child must be at least five years younger than the adolescent (16 or older) to be termed pedophilia.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Pedophilia Pedophilia is a mental disorder, not a sexual orientation or lifestyle choice. Specifically, it is a Paraphilia. The Paraphilias are characterized by recurrent, intense, sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviors that involve unusual objects, activities, or situations. Other examples of Paraphilias are: Exhibitionism, Fetishism, Sexual Masochism, and Sexual Sadism.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Pedophilia The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) defines pedophilia as a “disorder of adult personality and behavior” in which there is a sexual preference for children of prepubertal or early pubertal age. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), pedophilia is a paraphilia in which a person has intense and recurrent sexual urges towards and fantasies about prepubescent children and on which feelings they have either acted or which cause distress or interpersonal difficulty.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Pedophilia WHAT DOES A PEDOPHILE LOOK LIKE?

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Pedophilia Pedophile A person who suffers from Pedophilia; that is, an adult who is sexually attracted to children. Pedophiles have distinct characteristics and their preferred sexual objects are children. Pedophiles tend to like children of a certain age and they typically do not deviate from their preferred age range.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Pedophilia Many prefer girls that are too young to get pregnant. The younger the girls are, the less chance of vaginal infections. Girls are reaching puberty at much younger ages, some as early as the 4th grade. “Eight is too late” is a phrase molesters often use.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Pedophilia Pedophiles also prefer one gender and they typically do not deviate from their preferred choice. There are both heterosexual and homosexual pedophiles, but there are far more heterosexuals pedophiles than homosexuals. In fact, the ratio is 11:1. They choose professions that will allow them to interact with children in their preferred age range. Child molesters have taken positions as youth pastors, boy-scout leaders, coaches, teachers, child-care providers, counselors, and employees at establishments that serve children.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Pedophilia Pedophiles will make every possible effort to be around children. They slowly get to know their targets. They make friends with the child and start the “seduction” process. They remain patient and often have several children they are trying to seduce at the same time. Pedophiles usually try to establish a great reputation in their communities. Once they have gained a good reputation people do not really pay attention, because they are trusted. This is why the seduction and stalking goes unnoticed.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Pedophilia Pedophilia and Types of Pedophiles Pedophilia is not a curable condition. Some actually believe that molestation is wanted by the children and that the children enjoy it. However, most know, deep down, that what they are doing is wrong; they just can’t stop. Pedophiles can be married, single, male, female, bisexual, heterosexual, or homosexual. No matter what their sexual preferences are, pedophiles are often also attracted to adults. A pedophile that is attracted to both children and adults is called a Regressed Offender because they bounce back and forth between an adult sexual relationship and criminally assaulting children.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Pedophilia There are two main types of pedophiles, the situational and the preferential. Situational Pedophiles will go after any group that is defenseless, such as the elderly, the mentally-challenged, the handicapped etc. This type prefers children, but will go after another group if they feel stressed. Preferential Pedophiles like children in a distinct age group and they typically do not deviate from this age group. Both pedophile groups have different sub-types:

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Pedophilia The Situational Pedophile has three subtypes: The Regressed Pedophile has the most balanced life of all the subtypes. They seek female victims and they enjoy the seduction process. This subtype will use child pornography as part of the seduction process and they use the Internet to find vulnerable victims. Female children are preferred, but they will go after a defenseless person if the stress in their life becomes too much. They take their time and move on the child when they feel safe. Although this type of pedophile is more stable than the others, they usually have insecurity issues and they have a hard time having successful interactions with other adults. This subtype prefers oral and vaginal intercourse.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Pedophilia The Indiscriminate Pedophiles are calm and often charismatic. They are more dangerous because they will try anything sexually and their main concern is their sexual fun at the victim’s expense. The seduction process is long and tedious. Great care is taken to bond with their future victim. They enjoy child pornography and they want children as their victims. They try to get to know friends of their victims and those children are usually targeted as their next victim.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Pedophilia The Immature Pedophile comes across as strange or weird. This type is more naive and less manipulative than the other groups. Their victims come from their own neighborhoods and although they have a preferred age range, they will deviate from it. They are happy fondling their victims, but they prefer anal sex and oral sex. They are less stable than the other subtypes and they tend to have a lot of stress to deal with.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Pedophilia The Preferential Pedophile has two subtypes: The Seductive Pedophile is also known as the fixated type. They are usually homosexual men that prefer male victims. Their seduction process involves buying the future victim gifts or helping them with various things. They become a friend the victim can lean on. As the bond grows sexual innuendo is slowly brought in to the relationship. They may show them pornographic pictures or videos. They aim to confuse their victim about sex and then once the abuse begins they blame the victim. They often have friends that are also pedophiles and they network. This network uses the Internet to find victims and search for pornography. They have a list of potential victims and they know where to find them.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Pedophilia The Sadistic Pedophile is grotesque when it comes to sexual preferences. They severely abuse their victims and sometimes kill them. They search for the perfect victim and they will travel long distances to gain access to the victim. They stalk and then attack and/or abduct their victim. Their abductions are typically designed to confuse the parents and the authorities. This type of pedophile is usually intelligent and middle to upper class. They like to be on the move and they like change.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Pedophilia & Child Grooming CHILD GROOMING Child grooming refers to actions deliberately undertaken with the aim of befriending and establishing an emotional connection with a child, in order to lower the child's inhibitions in preparation for sexual activity with the child, or exploitation (such as child labor - see trafficking of children). Child grooming may be used to lure minors into illicit businesses such as child prostitution or the production of child pornography.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Pedophilia & Child Grooming OVERVIEW Child grooming involves psychological manipulation in the form of positive reinforcement and foot-in-the-door tactics, using activities that are typically legal but later lead to illegal activities. This is done to gain the child's trust as well as the trust of those responsible for the child's well-being. Additionally, a trusting relationship with the family means the child's parents are less likely to believe potential accusations.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Pedophilia & Child Grooming OVERVIEW (continued) In the case of sexual grooming, child pornography images are often shown to the child as part of the grooming process. To establish a good relationship with the child and the child’s family, child groomers might do several things. For example, they might take an undue interest in someone else’s child, to be the child’s “special” friend to gain the child’s trust. They might give gifts or money to the child for no apparent reason (toys, dolls, etc.).

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Pedophilia & Child Grooming OVERVIEW (continued) They may show pornography—videos or pictures—to the child, hoping to make it easy for the child to accept such acts, thus normalizing the behavior. They may simply talk about sexual topics. These are just some of the methods a child groomer might use to gain a child's trust and affection in order to allow them to do what they want. Hugging and kissing or other physical contact, even when the child does not want it, can happen. To the groomer, this is a way to get close.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Pedophilia & Child Grooming OVERVIEW (continued) They may try to gain the child’s parents’ trust by befriending them, with the goal of easy access to the child. The child groomer might look for opportunities to have time alone with the child. This can be done by offering to babysit. The groomer may invite the child for sleepovers. This gives them the opportunity to sleep in the same room or even the same bed with the child.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Pedophilia & Child Grooming Child Grooming Legal Definition Child grooming refers to an act of deliberately establishing an emotional connection with a child to prepare the child for child abuse. Child grooming is undertaken usually to carry out sexual abuse and other child exploitation like trafficking of children, child prostitution or the production of child pornography. Currently child grooming occurs through the use of internet. In the U.S. child grooming is considered a federal offense pursuant to 18 USC Section 2422

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Pedophiles-Child Molesters-Sexual Offenders Pedophiles, child molesters, sexual offenders…all these names apply to those that stalk and molest our children. They are dangerous and often invisible to us.

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As a medical diagnosis, pedophilia is defined as all of the following EXCEPT: psychiatric disorder in adults or late adolescents (persons age 16 or older) typically characterized by a primary or exclusive sexual interest in prepubescent children generally age 9 years or younger, though onset of puberty may vary)

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Pedophilia is a mental disorder, not a sexual orientation or lifestyle choice. True False

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Pedophilia is not a curable condition. True False

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The _____________ has the most balanced life of all the subtypes. Regressed Pedophile Indiscriminate Pedophile Seductive Pedophile Immature Pedophile

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The seduction process is long and tedious. Great care is taken to bond with their future victim describes which type of pedophile: Immature Regressed Seductive Indiscriminate

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This refers to actions deliberately undertaken with the aim of befriending and establishing an emotional connection with a child. Exploitation Child Grooming Molestation Child Prostitution

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Sexual predator The term sexual predator is used pejoratively to describe a person seen as obtaining or trying to obtain sexual contact with another person in a metaphorically "predatory" manner. Analogous to how a predator hunts down its prey, so the sexual predator is thought to "hunt" for his or her sex partners. People who commit sex crimes, such as rape or child sexual abuse, are commonly referred to as sexual predators.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Distinction from sex offenders The term "sexual predator" is often considered distinct from "sex offender". A sexual offender is a person who has committed a sexual offense. A sexual predator is often used to refer to a person who habitually seeks out sexual situations that are deemed exploitative.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Sexually Violent Predator (SVP) A "Sexually Violent Predator" (SVP) means: a person who has been convicted of a sexually violent offense against one or more victims; and who has a diagnosed “mental disorder”, "mental abnormality" or “personality disorder”, often pedophilia, that makes the person a danger to the health and safety of others in that it is likely that he or she will engage in sexually violent criminal behavior.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Ephebophilia Ephebophilia is the sexual preference of adults for mid-to-late adolescents, generally ages 15 to 19. It is one of a number of sexual preferences across age groups subsumed under the technical term "chronophilia". Ephebophilia strictly denotes the preference for mid-to-late adolescent sexual partners, not the mere presence of some level of sexual attraction.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Hebephilia Hebephilia refers to the sexual preference for individuals in the early years of puberty (generally ages 11–14, though onset of puberty may vary). Girls typically begin the process of puberty at age 10 or 11; boys at age 11 or 12. Hebephilia differs from ephebophilia, which refers to the sexual preference for individuals in later adolescence, and from pedophilia, which refers to the sexual preference for prepubescent children. the term hebephilia is reserved for those who prefer pubescent-aged individuals over adults.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Pederasty Pederasty or paederasty is a sexual relationship between an adult male and an adolescent boy outside his immediate family. Historically, pederasty has existed as a variety of customs and practices within different cultures. The status of pederasty has changed over the course of history; at times it has been considered an ideal, and at other times a crime. The legal status of pederasty in most countries is currently determined by whether or not the boy has reached the local age of consent. Where and when it is illegal, it is treated as a form of child sexual abuse.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Pederasty (continued) The commonly accepted reference definitions of pederasty refer to a sexual relationship, or to copulation, between older and younger males. The OED offers: "Homosexual relations between a man and a boy; homosexual anal intercourse, usually with a boy or younger man as the passive partner." The concise OED has: “Sexual intercourse between a man and a boy.” The Encyclopedia of Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender & Queer Culture offers “The erotic relationship between an adult male and a youth, generally one between the ages of twelve and seventeen, in which the older partner is attracted to the younger one who returns his affection.”

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People who commit sex crimes, such as rape or child sexual abuse, are commonly referred to as a ____________. sexual predator pedophile Sexually Violent Predator Sexual Offender

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__________is the sexual preference of adults for mid-to-late adolescents, generally ages 15 to 19. Pedophila Hebephilia Ephebophilia Pederasty

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____________ is reserved for those who prefer pubescent-aged individuals over adults. Ephebophilia Hebephilia Pedophilia Pederasty

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The commonly accepted reference definitions of ______refer to a sexual relationship, or to copulation, between older and younger males. Pederasty Hebephilia Pedophilia Ephebophilia

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Exploitation What Is Child Exploitation? Child exploitation is a broad term which includes: forced or dangerous labor, child trafficking, and child prostitution.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Exploitation Child Exploitation (continued) The term is used to refer to situations where children are abused – physically, verbally, or sexually – or when they are submitted to unsatisfactory conditions as part of their forced or voluntary employment. Many of the children who suffer from exploitation do so because they have no other choice – their parents may need the added income, or the children may be orphaned or responsible for their siblings as a result of war or disease (particular HIV/AIDS). They may also have been trafficked or forced into slave labor, either in their own country or somewhere internationally, and may be living a life of struggle, suffering and invisibility within the community.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Exploitation What is Child Labor? Child labor is work that harms children or keeps them from attending school. Underage children work at all sorts of jobs around the world, usually because they and their families are extremely poor. Large numbers of children work in commercial agriculture, fishing, manufacturing, mining, and domestic service. Some children work in illicit activities like the drug trade and prostitution or other traumatic activities such as serving as soldiers.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Exploitation What is Child Labor? (continued) Child labor involves at least one of the following characteristics: Violates a nation’s minimum age laws Threatens children’s physical, mental, or emotional well-being Involves intolerable abuse, such as child slavery, child trafficking, debt bondage, forced labor, or illicit activities Prevents children from going to school Uses children to undermine labor standards

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Exploitation What is human trafficking ? The International Labour Organisation (ILO) believes that up to 1.2 million children are trafficked annually all over the world. The ILO defines human trafficking as the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring and receipt of people (including children) by means of force, threat or coercion. Trafficking is only the beginning of the suffering for victims – generally those that are taken will be forced to work in industries that the ILO defines as some of the ‘Worst Forms of Child Labor’. This includes prostitution, the drugs trade, and working dangerous jobs under ground, under water, in confined spaces, or in environments which can be harmful to the health.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Prostitution Child Prostitution – Definition Child prostitution is the practice whereby a child sells his or her body for sexual activities in return for remuneration or any other form of consideration. The remuneration or other consideration could be provided to the prostitute or to another person.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Prostitution Terminology Child prostitution is sometimes used to describe the wider concept of commercial sexual exploitation of children (CSEC). However, child prostitution excludes other identifiable manifestations of CSEC, such as commercial sexual exploitation through child marriage, domestic child labor, and the trafficking of children for sexual purposes.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Prostitution Terminology (Continued) Prostitution of children or child prostitution is the commercial sexual exploitation of children in which a child performs the services of prostitution, for financial benefit. The term normally refers to prostitution by a minor, or person under the local age of majority. In many countries there are specific laws against child prostitution which may include people who are older than the local Age of consent.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Prostitution Terminology (Continued) The form of child prostitution in which people travel to foreign countries for the purposes of avoiding laws in their country of residence is known as child sex tourism.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Prostitution

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Prostitution Child Prostitution When children are trafficked for sexual exploitation, most – if not all – of them end up in prostitution. Because there is a demand and because children are cheaper to acquire and traffic than adults, the lure of greater profits motivates traffickers to carry on with their sinister deeds.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Prostitution Child Prostitution (continued) Children trafficked for prostitution often end up imprisoned in rooms, watched by armed guards, starved, beaten and raped by their own recruiters/captors. Children have to bear everything customers do to their bodies, even endure sadomasochistic or violent sex. Addiction to drugs and alcohol becomes an escape to numb the pain of physical injuries inflicted by repeated and forced sex, and to quell their feelings of nausea from the forced intake of body parts and secretions.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Prostitution Causes and context Children are often forced by social structures and individual agents (pimps) into situations in which adults take advantage of their vulnerability and sexually exploit and abuse them. Child prostitution usually takes place in particular environments, such as brothels, bars and clubs, or homes, or particular streets and areas (usually in socially run down places).

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Prostitution Causes and context (continued) Children also engage in prostitution, however, when they exchange sex outside these environments and in return not only for basic needs such as shelter, food, clothing, or safety, but also for extra pocket money for desired consumer goods otherwise out of their reach. There is a subculture of "pocket money prostitution" in many consumer societies, including the United States, whereby girls and boys under 18 rent out their sexual services for cash or expensive gifts, or to save up for cars, motorcycles, even college tuition.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Prostitution Prohibition While the legality of adult prostitution varies between different parts of the world, the prostitution of minors is illegal in most countries. Furthermore, many countries whose citizens most frequently engage in international child procurement, such as the United States, Australia and European countries, enforce worldwide jurisdiction on their nationals traveling abroad.

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The term is used to refer to situations where children are abused – physically, verbally, or sexually – or when they are submitted to unsatisfactory conditions as part of their forced or voluntary employment. Child Prostitution Child Exploitation Child Pornography Child Sex Tourism

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____________ is a broad term which includes forced or dangerous labor, child trafficking, and child prostitution. Child Prostitution Child Pornography Child Exploitation Child Sex Tourism

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Child labor involves all of the following characteristics, EXCEPT: Violates a nation’s minimum age laws. Threatens children’s physical, mental, or emotional well-being. Permits children to attend school. Uses children to undermine labor standards

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The form of child prostitution in which people travel to foreign countries for the purposes of avoiding laws in their country of residence is known as_________. Trafficking of Children Child Labor Child Sex Tourism child prostitution

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Child prostitution is the practice whereby a child sells his or her body for sexual activities in return for remuneration or any other form of consideration. The remuneration or other consideration could be provided to the prostitute or to another person. True False

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Pornography What is Child Pornography? Title 18, U.S.C. Section 2256 B (8) defines Child Pornography under federal law. Annotated Code of Maryland, Criminal Law Article, Title 11, Subtitle 207 defines the Child Pornography law for Maryland.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Pornography Federal Law Any image of a child engaged in sexually explicit conduct is illegal contraband. Notably, the legal definition of sexually explicit conduct does not require that an image depict a child engaging in sexual activity. A picture of a naked child may constitute illegal child pornography if it is sufficiently sexually suggestive. In addition, for purposes of the child pornography statutes, federal law considers a person under the age of 18 to be a child.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Pornography Federal Law (continued) A visual depiction for purposes of the federal child pornography laws includes a photograph or videotape, including undeveloped film or videotape, as well as data stored electronically which can be converted into a visual image. For example, images of children engaged in sexually explicit conduct stored on a computer disk are considered visual depictions. Sexually explicit conduct is defined under federal law (18 U.S.C. §2256) as actual or simulated sexual intercourse (including genital-genital, oral-genital, anal-genital, or oral-anal, whether between persons of the same or opposite sex), bestiality, masturbation, sadistic or masochistic abuse, or lascivious exhibition of the genitals or pubic area of any person.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Pornography Federal Law (continued) Federal prosecutors enforce the laws that make it a crime to possess, receive, distribute or produce child pornography in a way that affects interstate or foreign commerce. See 18 U.S.C. §§ 2251, 2252, 2252A. Thus, federal jurisdiction is implicated when the visual image is transported across state lines, or when the visual image was produced using materials that were transported across state lines. It is important to note that this set of requirements covers transporting pornographic materials depicting children electronically by computer. For example, it is illegal under federal law to send an email containing child pornography to a person in another state. It is also illegal to send an email containing child pornography to a person in the same state if the computer server for the email is located in a different state.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Pornography Federal Law (continued) Mailing child pornography via the United States Postal Service is automatically a federal offense, even if material is mailed to someone in the same state. Moreover, people possessing, receiving, distributing or producing child pornography can be prosecuted under state laws in addition to, or instead of, federal law. People who sell or purchase children intending or knowing that the child will be involved with any sexual activity are also prosecuted under federal law.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Pornography Federal Law (continued) Federal prosecutors have legal authority to prosecute people who buy and sell children for pornographic or sexual activity when the child being sold or transferred must be transported in interstate or foreign commerce, or the offer to sell or purchase the child is communicated or transported in interstate or foreign commerce by any means, including computer or United States mails. Where this interstate conduct does not occur, state and local law enforcement authorities can prosecute this reprehensible conduct.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Pornography Where Is Child Pornography Predominantly Found? Child pornography exists in multiple formats including print media, videotape, film, CD-ROM, or DVD.  It is transmitted on various platforms within the Internet including newsgroups, Internet Relay Chat (chatrooms), Instant Message, File Transfer Protocol, e-mail, websites, and peer-to-peer technology.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Pornography What Motivates People Who Possess Child Pornography? Limited research about the motivations of people who possess child pornography suggests that child pornography possessors are a diverse group, including people who are: sexually interested in prepubescent children or young adolescents, who use child pornography for sexual fantasy and gratification. sexually “indiscriminate,” meaning they are constantly looking for new and different sexual stimuli. sexually curious, downloading a few images to satisfy that curiosity. interested in profiting financially by selling images or setting up web sites requiring payment for access.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Pornography Who Possesses Child Pornography? It is difficult to describe a “typical” child pornography possessor because there is not just one type of person who commits this crime.  In a study of 1,713 people arrested for the possession of child pornography in a 1-year period, the possessors ran the gamut in terms of income, education level, marital status, and age.  Virtually all of those who were arrested were men, 91% were white, and most were unmarried at the time of their crime, either because they had never married (41%) or because they were separated, divorced, or widowed (21%). Forty percent (40%) of those arrested were “dual offenders,” who sexually victimized children and possessed child pornography, with both crimes discovered in the same investigation. An additional 15% were dual offenders who attempted to sexually victimize children by soliciting undercover investigators who posed online as minors.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Pornography Who Produces Child Pornography? Based on information provided by law enforcement to the National Center for Missing & Exploited Children's Child Victim Identification Program, more than half of the child victims were abused by someone who had legitimate access to them such as parents, other relatives, neighborhood/family friends, babysitters, and coaches.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Pornography What is the Nature of These Images? The content in these illegal images varies from exposure of genitalia to graphic sexual abuse, such as penetration by objects, anal penetration, and bestiality. Of the child pornography victims identified by law enforcement, 42% appear to be pubescent, 52% appear to be prepubescent, and 6% appear to be infants or toddlers.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Pornography What Are the Effects of Child Pornography on the Child Victim? It is important to realize that these images are crime scene photos – they are a permanent record of the abuse of a child. The lives of the children featured in these illegal images and videos are forever altered. Child pornography is among the fastest growing criminal segments on the Internet. Child pornography is illegal and censored in most jurisdictions in the world.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Indecency and Obscenity Laws in Maryland The laws governing child pornography in Maryland are contained in the Annotated Code of Maryland, Criminal Law Article, Title 11. – Indecency and Obscenity. Subtitle 2. Adult Sexual Displays and Related Crimes. 11-101. Definitions. 11-102. Adult Sexual Displays – Selling or offering to sell to a minor. 11-103. Adult Sexual Displays – Exhibition to minor. 11.104. Adult Sexual Displays – Allowing minors to enter or remain on premises. 11.104.1. Adult Sexual Displays – Allowing minors to enter or remain on premises - Bookstores and entertainment venues.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Indecency and Obscenity Laws in Maryland Subtitle 2. Obscene Matter. 11-201. Definitions. 11-202. Obscene matter - Distribution, exhibition, importation, and publication. 11-203. Sale or display of obscene item to minor. 11-204. Obscene performance in certain counties. 11-205. Obscene matter - Advertising. 11-206. Obscene - Requiring acceptance. 11-207. Child pornography.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Indecency and Obscenity Laws in Maryland Subtitle 2. Obscene Matter. (continued) 11-208. Possession of visual representation of child under 16 engaged in certain sexual acts. 11-208.1. Removal of child pornography from Internet. 11-209. Hiring minor for prohibited purpose. 11-210. Exemption from subtitle. 11-211. Destruction of obscene matter under court order.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Indecency and Obscenity Laws in Maryland Subtitle 3. Prostitution and related crimes. 11-301. Definitions. 11.302. Effect of subtitle on other laws. 11.303 Human Trafficking.

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The Federal legal definition of sexually explicit conduct does not require that an image depict a child engaging in sexual activity. True False

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For purposes of the child pornography statutes, federal law considers a person under the age of _____to be a child. 13 16 17 18

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It is very easy to describe a “typical” child pornography possessor because there is just one type of person who commits this crime.  True False

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In a study of 1,713 people arrested for the possession of child pornography in a 1-year period, the possessors ran the gamut in terms of all of the following EXCEPT: Income Education level Marital status, and age Sex and Race

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_____________is among the fastest growing criminal segments on the Internet. Child pornography Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children Child Grooming Child Sex Tourism

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Sexual Exploitation What is child sexual exploitation? Child Sexual Exploitation is the sexual abuse of children and youth through the exchange of sex or sexual acts for drugs, food, shelter, protection, other basics of life, and/or money. Child Sexual Exploitation includes involving children and youth in creating pornography and sexually explicit websites.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Sexual Exploitation Child Sexual Exploitation (continued) Other terms that are used to talk about sexual exploitation are “child prostitution” and “youth sex trade”.  We use the terms “sexual exploitation” or “commercial sexual exploitation” to acknowledge that the use of children and youth for sexual acts is abuse and is inherently exploitative.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Sexual Exploitation Child Sexual Exploitation (continued) Child sexual exploitation can involve the following: Possession, manufacture and distribution of child pornography; online enticement of children for sexual acts; child prostitution; child sex tourism and; child sexual molestation.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Sexual Exploitation Child Sexual Exploitation (continued) Commercial sexual exploitation of children (CSEC) constitutes a form of coercion and violence against children and amounts to forced labor and a contemporary form of slavery.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Sexual Exploitation Child Sexual Exploitation (continued) CSEC includes the prostitution of children, child pornography, child sex tourism and other forms of transactional sex where a child engages in sexual activities to have key needs fulfilled, such as food, shelter or access to education. It includes forms of transactional sex where the sexual abuse of children is not stopped or reported by household members, due to benefits derived by the household from the perpetrator. CSEC also potentially includes arranged marriages involving children under the age of 18 years, where the child has not freely consented to marriage and where the child is sexually abused.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Sexual Exploitation Forms of sexual exploitation Prostitution of children under the age of 18 years, child pornography and the (often related) sale and trafficking of children are often considered to be crimes of violence against children. They are considered to be forms of economic exploitation akin to forced labor or slavery. Such children often suffer irreparable damage to their physical and mental health. They face early pregnancy and risk sexually transmitted diseases, particularly AIDS. They are often inadequately protected by the law and may be treated as criminals.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation Child Sexual Exploitation What is online child sexual exploitation? Online child sexual exploitation is the sexual exploitation of a child that has an Internet component.

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Child Abuse & Child Exploitation ARE THERE ANY ?’S THAT’S ALL FOLKS