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Brief Silicone Chemistry Review Silicones for the Skin Care Industry PowerPoint Presentation

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Brief Silicone Chemistry Review Silicones for the Skin Care Industry Presentation Transcript

Slide 1 - Basic Silicone Chemistry (II)
Slide 2 - (1) Fluids (hydraulic, release agents, cosmetics, heat transfer media, polishes, lubricants, damping, dry cleaning) Polymer chains of difunctional units (D) terminated with monofunctional (M) units OR cyclics (Dx) (2) Gums (high temperature heat transfer fluids, lubricants, greases, cosmetic and health care additives) Same structure as PDMS fluids, but much higher molecular weight (viscosities >1,000,000 cSt). (3) Resins (varnishes, protective coatings, release coatings, molding compounds, electronic insulation) Rigid solids based on trifunctional (T) and tetrafunctional (Q) units. Surface modification with (M) units (4) Elastomers (Heat cured and RTVs: tubing and hoses, medical implants, sealants, adhesives, surgical aids, electrical insulation, fuel resistant rubber parts, rollers, etc) Soft solids based on crosslinked SiH Fluids Silicone Classifications by Physical Form
Slide 3 - Elastomers
Slide 4 - Elastomers
Slide 5 - Elastomers: RTV
Slide 6 - Sylgard 184® PDMS Elastomer
Slide 7 - Microfluidics Technology http://www.fluidigm.com/about.htm# Applications: Genome Mapping Rapid Separations Novel Sensors Nano-scale Reactions Ink-Jet Printing Drug Screening
Slide 8 - Microfluidics Technology A microfabricated cell sorter with integrated valves and pumps. This is a two-layer device; the bottom layer is a T-shaped fluidic channel, and the top layer contains pneumatic control lines for pumps and valves, as well as cavities to smooth out oscillations. Scale bar, 1 mm. [Photograph courtesy of Felice Frankel/Steve Quake Caltech]
Slide 9 - Microfluidics Technology Optical image showing bead sorting in action. A red bead is being sorted to the collection channel.
Slide 10 - Device Fabrication Thin Layer Thick Layer Spin Coat Partial Cure Cast into Mold Partial Cure Photoresist Si Wafer 12 mm 20 mm 5 mm PDMS PDMS 50 mm 12 mm 50 mm 100 mm 100 mm 100 mm
Slide 11 - Device Fabrication Continued… Peel off thick layer, rotate 90o, Place onto top of thin layer Cure completely (adheres two layers while maintaining features)
Slide 12 - Valve Actuation Thick layer Thick layer Thin Layer Thin Layer Cross sectional view of valve actuation Open Valve Closed Valve Air 20 psi
Slide 13 - Challenges Dow Corning’s Sylgard 184® PDMS Elastomer Currently the most widely used material in microfluidic device fabrication Flexible, non-toxic, easily cured, low surface energy Chemical Nature of PDMS allows for significant swelling in common organic solvents Swelling greatly disrupts micron-scale features of microfluidic devices… Severely limits the versatility of microfluidics technology! Strong Demand for solvent-resistant materials with mechanical properties of PDMS Elastomers !
Slide 14 - PFPE Elastomers
Slide 15 - CH2Cl2 Swelling Data
Slide 16 - Two-Layer PFPE Device “Top-down view of PFPE Device” Thin Channel Thick Channel 100 mm
Slide 17 - Organic Solvents in Devices: PFPE vs. PDMS PFPE channel Solvent moves into channel Dye Solution of Methylene Chloride, Acetonitrile, Methanol PDMS channel Solvent swells material, cannot get into channel
Slide 18 - Entropy Driven Ring Opening Polymerization
Slide 19 - Ring Opening Metathesis Polymerization Metathesis: Greek “meta” meaning “change” and “titheme” meaning “place”
Slide 20 - Ring Opening Metathesis Polymerization Transition metal catalyzed process Metallocyclobutane 4-membered intermediate No polymer formation….
Slide 21 - Ring Opening Metathesis Polymerization But what if…. Polymer formation…
Slide 22 - Ring Opening Metathesis Polymerization
Slide 23 - Ring Opening Metathesis Polymerization
Slide 24 - Ring Opening Metathesis Polymerization