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Back pain-Megamas PowerPoint Presentation

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Slide 1 - Back Pain Back pain is pain felt in the back that usually originates from the muscles, nerves, bones, joints or other structures in the spine. The pain can often be divided into neck pain, upper back pain, lower back pain or tailbone pain. It May have a sudden onset or can be a chronic pain; it can be constant or intermittent, stay in one place or radiate to other areas. It may be a dull ache, or a sharp or piercing or burning sensation. The pain may be radiate into the arm and hand), in the upper back, or in the low back, (and might radiate into the leg or foot), and may include symptoms other than pain, such as weakness, numbness or tingling. Back pain is one of humanity's most frequent complaints. About nine out of ten adults Experience back pain at some point in their life, and five out of ten working adults have back pain every year. The spine is a complex interconnecting network of nerves, joints, muscles, tendons and ligaments, and all are capable of producing pain. Large nerves that originate in the spine and go to the legs and arms can make pain radiate to the extremities.
Slide 2 - The different parts of the spine
Slide 3 - Causes of back pain There isn't usually an underlying condition causing back pain - nothing shows up in tests and nothing is permanently damaged. This is called simple or non-specific back pain. Nine out of 10 people with simple back pain recover completely within six weeks. You're more likely to develop simple back pain if you: stand, sit or bend down for long periods lift, carry, push or pull loads that are too heavy, or if you go about these tasks in the wrong way have a trip or a fall are stressed or anxious are overweight Occasionally, there may be a more serious underlying cause of your back pain, but this is rare. These causes include osteoporosis, a prolapsed (slipped) disc, spinal stenosis, malformation of the spine, infection or collapse of the vertebrae, tuberculosis or cancer.
Slide 4 - What are the risk factors for back pain? A risk factor is something which increases the likelihood of developing a condition or disease. For example, obesity significantly raises the risk of developing diabetes type 2. Therefore, obesity is a risk factor for diabetes type 2. The following factors are linked to a higher risk of developing low back pain: A mentally stressful job Pregnancy - pregnant women are much more likely to get back pain A sedentary lifestyle Age - older adults are more susceptible than young adults or children Anxiety Depression Gender - back pain is more common among females than males Obesity/overweight Smoking Strenuous physical exercise (especially if not done properly) Strenuous physical work
Slide 5 - Symptoms of back pain Simple back pain is often in your lower back (lumbar region), and may also spread to your buttocks and thighs. It's often described as a dull pain and can come and go at different times, depending on your level of activity. The pain can begin suddenly or come on gradually if you strain your back over time. Simple back pain usually only lasts a few days and gets better on its own. However, you should see your GP as soon as possible if, as well as back pain, you have: fever (high temperature) redness or swelling on your back pain down your legs and below your knees numbness or weakness in one or both legs or around your buttocks loss of bladder or bowel control (incontinence) Some symptoms are called "red flags" and may indicate that you require treatment for an underlying condition. You should see your GP if: your pain is the result of an injury you're under 20 or over 55 and the pain lasts for more than a few days you have had or currently have cancer in any part of your body you have HIV/AIDS you have been taking steroid medicines for more than a few months
Slide 6 - Diagnosis of back pain Your GP will ask you about your symptoms and examine you. He or she may also ask you about your medical history. If your pain lasts longer than six weeks, or if your GP suspects there is some underlying cause of your pain, he or she may recommend more tests such as: X-rays CT scans - a CT scan uses X-rays to make a three-dimensional image of the body/or part of the body MRI - an MRI scan uses magnets and radiowaves to produce images of the inside of your body blood tests
Slide 7 - Treatment of back pain Self-help - There are many things you can do to help yourself. - Stay active - return to your usual level of physical activity as soon as possible. This may hurt more at first, but it will help you get better and reduce your risk of getting simple back pain again. - Bed rest - if the pain is so bad that you can't get moving, keep the time you stay in bed as short as possible. Lying in bed can do more harm than good. - Stay positive and set yourself goals - this will help you get back to your usual levels of physical activity. - Heat therapy - apply a hot water bottle or heat pack directly to the affected area, or take a hot bath. - Ice therapy - apply a cold compress, such as ice or a bag of frozen peas, wrapped in a towel. Don't apply ice directly to your skin because you could damage it. - Pace yourself - be careful not to overdo it when your pain improves. Medicines Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) Manipulation Pain clinics Injections Surgery Complementary therapies The following complementary therapies may help with back pain in some people. You should talk to your GP before trying them as he or she may be able to refer you to a specialist practitioner experienced in treating back pain. - Acupuncture. - Counselling. - The Alexander Technique - becoming more aware of your body's balance, posture, and movement. - Herbal remedies. - Massage.
Slide 8 - Prevention of back pain Good back care can greatly reduce your risk of back pain. To look after your back, make sure you: take regular exercise - walking and swimming are particularly recommended try to reduce your stress levels - use relaxation techniques bend from your knees and hips - not your back maintain good posture - keep your shoulders back and don't slouch
Slide 9 - Back Pain in Children Most treatment for back pain in children is non-surgical. Treatment of children with non-specific back pain Includes change in activity and rest. Trunk strengthening and postural exercises with the help of a physical therapist may be useful. Short-term use of over-the-counter medications such as Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) may be beneficial. Weight loss may be recommended. Carrying backpacks may sometimes be to blame for non-specific back pain. It is suggested that children wear their backpack using both shoulder straps. Making more frequent trips to the locker can decrease the weight of The backpack. Some children choose to use wheeled backpacks. Treatment of non-specific back pain may include involving the school counselor or a psychologist. Children may complain of back pain when they are depressed or anxious. It may also indicate problems at home, in school, or With peers. Bracing may also be required for proper treatment of some conditions. Antibiotics either by IV and/or by mouth are necessary for the treatment of discitis and vertebral osteomyelitis.
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Slide 13 - QUIZ The highest incidence of back pain is between what ages? 20-34 years old 35-55 years old over 55 years old Equal among all age groups The spine is: Strong - flexible – supportive Weak - not flexible - easily injured There is a genetic predisposition involved with back pain. If your parents have a back condition you are likely to have back problems. True False Statistically, what percentage of people with low back pain are successfully treated without surgery? 30% 50% 70% 90% or more 4 out of 5 adults will experience lower back pain at some point in their lives. True False The severity of back pain is directly related to the extent of physical change. True False Prolonged bed rest is: The primary recommended treatment for back pain. Not the recommended treatment for back pain. Which of the following is recommended for preventing recurring episodes of back pain? Lift by bending at the knees, not bending from the waist. Sleep on your side with knees drawn up. Regular exercise All of the above None of the above The backbone is a stack of how many jointed bones (vertebrae)? 14 24 34 Most back pain is located in: Upper back Middle back Lower back Narrowing of the cartilage discs between the vertebrae is caused by: Osteosarcoma Osteoarthritis Osteoporosis Osteopenia
Slide 14 - QUIZ Pain in the lower back is the leading cause of work-related disability. True False In spinal stenosis, the spinal canal, which contains and protects the spinal cord and nerve roots, narrows and pinches the spinal cord and nerves. The result is low back pain as well as pain in the legs. Which is not a possible cause of spinal stenosis? Aging Heredity Changes in blood flow to the lumbar spine. Good posture Which statement is true? Xrays show alignment of your bones. MRI and CAT scans can detect herniated discs, or problems with bones, muscles, tissues, tendons, ligaments, nerves, blood vessels. Bone scan can detect tumors, or compression fractures. Electromyelography (EMG) can detect nerve compression. All are true. All are false. A large, herniated disc is : Always very painful Can be painless Which of the following are popular complementary treatments for chronic back pain? Chiropractic care Massage Acupuncture Heat All of the above None of the above Compression fractures in the bones of the back result from: Osteosarcoma Osteoarthritis Osteoporosis Osteopenia Which of the following can contribute to back pain? Sedentary lifestyle Obesity Strenuous sports Smoking All of the above None of the above Ruptured disc, herniated disc, and slipped disc are all names for the same condition. True False
Slide 15 - QUIZ ANSWERS The highest incidence of back pain is between what ages? 20-34 years old 35-55 years old over 55 years old Equal among all age groups The spine is: Strong - flexible – supportive Weak - not flexible - easily injured There is a genetic predisposition involved with back pain. If your parents have a back condition you are likely to have back problems. True False Statistically, what percentage of people with low back pain are successfully treated without surgery? 30% 50% 70% 90% or more 4 out of 5 adults will experience lower back pain at some point in their lives. True False The severity of back pain is directly related to the extent of physical change. True False Prolonged bed rest is: The primary recommended treatment for back pain. Not the recommended treatment for back pain. Which of the following is recommended for preventing recurring episodes of back pain? Lift by bending at the knees, not bending from the waist. Sleep on your side with knees drawn up. Regular exercise All of the above None of the above The backbone is a stack of how many jointed bones (vertebrae)? 14 24 34 Most back pain is located in: Upper back Middle back Lower back Narrowing of the cartilage discs between the vertebrae is caused by: Osteosarcoma Osteoarthritis Osteoporosis Osteopenia
Slide 16 - QUIZ ANSWERS Pain in the lower back is the leading cause of work-related disability. True False In spinal stenosis, the spinal canal, which contains and protects the spinal cord and nerve roots, narrows and pinches the spinal cord and nerves. The result is low back pain as well as pain in the legs. Which is not a possible cause of spinal stenosis? Aging Heredity Changes in blood flow to the lumbar spine. Good posture Which statement is true? Xrays show alignment of your bones. MRI and CAT scans can detect herniated discs, or problems with bones, muscles, tissues, tendons, ligaments, nerves, blood vessels. Bone scan can detect tumors, or compression fractures. Electromyelography (EMG) can detect nerve compression. All are true. All are false. A large, herniated disc is : Always very painful Can be painless Which of the following are popular complementary treatments for chronic back pain? Chiropractic care Massage Acupuncture Heat All of the above None of the above Compression fractures in the bones of the back result from: Osteosarcoma Osteoarthritis Osteoporosis Osteopenia Which of the following can contribute to back pain? Sedentary lifestyle Obesity Strenuous sports Smoking All of the above None of the above Ruptured disc, herniated disc, and slipped disc are all names for the same condition. True False
 

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