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Asexual Reproduction PowerPoint Presentation

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Slide 1 - Asexual Reproduction Living Environment
Slide 2 - Mitosis animation: http://brodylab.eng.uci.edu/cgi-bin/jpbrody/animation/files/6-973887139.html
Slide 3 - Are you two twins? Asexual Reproduction: Used by many unicellular organisms, plants, and lower animals. Involves only mitotic cell division = each offspring has exactly the same heredity as its parent. Usually rapid compared to sexual reproduction. Types of Asexual Reproduction Include:
Slide 4 - Cut it half Binary Fission = simplest form of asexual reproduction. Parent organism divides into two approximately equal parts. Each daughter cell becomes a new individual.
Slide 5 - Binary Fission
Slide 6 - Bacteria Bacteria No organized nucleus. Genetic material in the form a single circular chromosome. Before division starts chromosome is replicated then each daughter cell gets one copy of the chromosome. Can occur every 20-min.
Slide 7 - Protozoan Protozoa – Mitosis occurs. Cytoplasm pinches in and divides the organism in half. Each half has a copy of the genetic material. Diagram.
Slide 8 - Protozoa – Mitosis occurs. Cytoplasm pinches in and divides the organism in half. Each half has a copy of the genetic material. Diagram.
Slide 9 - They Where best buds Budding = Parent organism divides into two unequal parts. The new organism is created as a smaller out growth or bud on the outside of the parent. Buds will brake off and live independently or remain attached and form a colony.
Slide 10 - Budding
Slide 11 - Yeast – Once the yeast cell reaches a certain size it undergoes mitosis. Once the genetic material is replicated budding begins. Hydra – Cells on the outside of the parent hydra begin to undergo mitotic division creating a small group of cells. Those cells continue to divide until in a completely new hydra is formed. Can also reproduce sexually.
Slide 12 - Yeast cell cycle including budding: http://brodylab.eng.uci.edu/cgi-bin/jpbrody/animation/files/13-977277560.html
Slide 13 - Can I have some spore? Spore Formation – spores = small specialized cells that contain a nucleus and cytoplasm surrounded by a thick outside wall which protects the spore. Under the right conditions the spore can rise to a new organism. Found in bacteria, molds, yeast, mushrooms, mosses, ferns and some protozoans.
Slide 14 - Spore formation
Slide 15 - Don’t try this at home Regeneration = The ability to re-grow lost or damaged body parts. Hydra, planaria, starfish, and earthworm More complex animals less able to re-grow parts. Crab can re-grow a claw. Some reptiles can re-grow a tail. Most mammals can repair damaged tissue but can not re-grow missing parts.
Slide 16 - Regeneration
Slide 17 - Vegetative Reproduction
Slide 18 - Bulb = Short underground stem surrounded by thick leaves. Contain stored food. As the plant grows it produces new bulbs which will grow into new plants. Tulips, onions, and lilies.
Slide 19 - Corms = Similar to bulbs but do not contain leaves, just underground stems. Water chestnuts.
Slide 20 - Tuber = enlarged part of an underground stem that contains stored food. Potatoes are tubers. “Eyes” = tiny buds that can form a new potato plant. How you plant potatoes. Great potato famine.
Slide 21 - Runner or stolen = horizontal stem above the ground with buds. If a bud touches the ground it will form roots and stems and start a new plant. Strawberries.
Slide 22 - Rhizome = horizontal stem that grows underground. Thick and contains stored food. Upper portion form nodes which will form buds which will form new plants. Lower portion forms roots. Ferns, cattails, and water lilies.
Slide 23 - Artificial Vegetative Reproduction
Slide 24 - Watch out for those old ladies. Cutting = use a portion of a developed plant to make a new plant. Roses, ivy, and grapevines are reproduced in this way.
Slide 25 - Layering = a stem is bent so that it is covered with soil. Once the branch forms roots it is disconnected from the original plant. Raspberries and roses.
Slide 26 - Grafting = Bud or stem of one plant is permanently attached to the stem or trunk of a very similar plant. The cambium layers grow together and form a single plant. Apple trees.
Slide 27 - That’s a strange cacti
Slide 28 - Why Bother?? Advantages to artificial vegetative propagation: 1. Plants that grow from seed are not always exactly the same as their parents. 2. Takes less time to artificially propagate. 3. Can create seedless fruits. 4. Grafting can be used to generate higher levels of fruit and nut production.
Slide 29 - Can robot teachers from the future asexual reproduce? (Relax that was a rhetorical question)
Slide 30 - Websites Yeast cell cycle including budding: http://brodylab.eng.uci.edu/cgi-bin/jpbrody/animation/files/13-977277560.html Mitosis animation: http://brodylab.eng.uci.edu/cgi-bin/jpbrody/animation/files/6-973887139.html