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Slide 1 - Event-driven Programming Robin Burke IT 130 Fall 2004
Slide 2 - Outline The event-driven model Web applications Form HTML forms buttons text boxes accessing form content Handlers onClick onChange
Slide 3 - Imperative programming Program defines a series of operations User invokes program waits for result "Batch" processing
Slide 4 - Event-driven programming Modern applications are event-driven Different kind of programming from sequential (batch) execution programmer does not control when code is executed user controls that Programmer provides capabilities the user invokes them may be multiple ways to do the same thing Basic idea = "event handlers" small bits of code that the application calls when certain events occur
Slide 5 - Event-driven programming cont'd Imperative program load payroll data do payroll computation output checks Event-oriented program establish payroll application interface associate loading routine with "load" menu item associate payroll computation with "compute" menu option associate check printing operation with "print" menu options User is in charge of the sequence
Slide 6 - Basic idea Events are generated user actions (clicking, moving mouse) browser actions (loading, closing) To use an event, the programmer writes JavaScript code associates it with the appropriate document element associates it with the appropriate event
Slide 7 - Pieces we need New HTML elements forms interface widgets buttons, text boxes, etc. New HTML attributes event generation New JavaScript capabilities associate code with events
Slide 8 - Web application Application "A complete, self-contained program that performs a specific function directly for the user" Web application an application delivered over the WWW
Slide 9 - Web applications Core of web development 90% of the web's "pages" are generated from user input only 10% are static pages Not in our scope IT 230 teaches how to build those kinds of applications we will not use forms as input to applications But web applications need input input comes from HTML forms we can use form element to explore event handling
Slide 10 - Example applications Course online Any search engine
Slide 11 - What all these share... The need to get user input from a web page Format of input name-value pair Interaction idea web form How to get from user? depends on the data
Slide 12 - Form elements Form element identify a part of the page where the user can input data Input element specific data items name and value attributes user can change the value attribute
Slide 13 - Input elements name and value attributes user can change the value attribute how depends on the type text field selection list radio button, etc
Slide 14 - Example
Slide 15 - Input elements Treated like other page elements can be organized into paragraph, tables, etc. Form layout is almost always table-based All use the same base element INPUT what kind of input controlled by the type attribute
Slide 16 - Input elements
Slide 17 - Textarea for multi-line input
Slide 18 - Select / Option for menus and lists
Slide 19 - Input elements we will use type="button" rendered as a "raised" rectangle user can click type="text" rendered as an "indented" box can display text user can enter text
Slide 20 - Examples Button Text box more typical (with label) Enter a temperature in degrees Fahrenheit:
Slide 21 - Events Any HTML element can generate events many different types Commonly-used button  click event when the user clicks on the button text  change event when the user changes the value
Slide 22 - Linking element and event event handler attribute when the event occurs on that element the JavaScript statement will execute Example onClick="Convert();" In Element
Slide 23 - Example lucky.html
Slide 24 - Programming rollem.html
Slide 25 - Interacting with form values Form data name / value pairs processed by the server can also be manipulated by JavaScript Change the value of a form element changes what the user sees Linked to events we can create simple browser-based applications
Slide 26 - Syntax Refer to subparts using dot (.) syntax Format document.FORM_NAME.ELEMENT_NAME.value Getting a value tempF = document.TempForm.fahrBox.value; Setting a value document.TempForm.celsiusBox.value = tempC;
Slide 27 - Examples lucky1.html convert1.html
Slide 28 - Programming convert2.html
Slide 29 - Dynamic HTML JavaScript can alter many HTML properties "dynamic HTML" we see more of this later in the class Example alter the src attribute of an img element pics.html
Slide 30 - onChange event onClick event user presses a button For text elements onChange event when the user alters the contents and then clicks outside the element Example copybox.html
Slide 31 - Homework #5 Metric conversions two conversions work inches <--> cm feet <--> meters You need to add miles <--> km
Slide 32 - Structure convert.js a library with the conversion functions hwk5.html the page that interacts with the user Tasks add lines for miles / km and text elements add functions that handle onChange events add conversion functions to convert.js
Slide 33 - Advice Start early 45-50 lines of code to write Use cut, paste and edit! Don't forget documentation Test each step
Slide 34 - Wednesday Lab (Rm 722) Forms and Events Good practice for the homework