Download Allergy-An Overview PowerPoint Presentation

Iframe embed code :

Unable to generate embed code for this presentation.request for embed code @ mail[at]slidesfinder.com

Presentation url :

Home / Health & Wellness / Health & Wellness Presentations / Allergy-An Overview PowerPoint Presentation

Allergy-An Overview PowerPoint Presentation

PowerPoint is the world's most popular presentation software which can let you create professional Allergy-An Overview powerpoint presentation easily and in no time. This helps you give your presentation on Allergy-An Overview in a conference, a school lecture, a business proposal, in a webinar and business and professional representations.

The uploader spent his/her valuable time to create this Allergy-An Overview powerpoint presentation slides, to share his/her useful content with the world. This ppt presentation uploaded by slidesfinder in Health & Wellness ppt presentation category is available for free download,and can be used according to your industries like finance, marketing, education, health and many more.

About This Presentation

slidesfinder

Description : Available Allergy-An Overview powerpoint presentation for free download which is uploaded by honey an active user in belonging ppt presentation Health & Wellness category.

Tags : Allergy-An Overview

Published on : Mar 14, 2014
Views : 1664 | Downloads : 0

Download Now

Share on Social Media

Slide 1 -

Allergy: An Overview Salwa Hassan Teama

Slide 2 -

Contents Allergy Hypersensitivity Allergy: IgE Mediated: Type I Immunopathogenesis Performed Mediators Food Hypersensitivity Laboratory Tests Prevention Treatment

Slide 3 -

Type of hypersensitivity reactions of the immune system. Allergy may involve more the one type of reaction. An allergy is a immune reaction to something that does not affect most other people. Substances that often cause reactions are: Pollen Dust mites Mold spores Pet dander Food Insect stings Medicines ……. Allergy

Slide 4 -

Risk factor Host factors; heredity, gender, race, and age. Environmental factor; infectious diseases during early childhood, environmental pollution, allergen levels and dietary changes. Allergy

Slide 5 -

Hypersensitivity (hypersensitivity reaction) refers to undesirable immune reactions produced by the normal immune system. Hypersensitivity reactions require a pre-sensitized (immune) state of the host. Hypersensitivity reactions: four types; based on the mechanisms involved and time taken for the reaction, a particular clinical condition (disease) may involve more than one type of reaction. Hypersensitivity

Slide 6 -

Classification of Immunologic Reactions (Gel and Coombs)

Slide 7 -

Hypersensitivity Reactions

Slide 8 -

Allergy Ig E mediated (Type I hypersensitivity) Non Ig E mediated Allergy

Slide 9 -

Overreaction to an allergen that is contact through skin, inhaled through lung, swallowed or injected. Triggered by harmless substances such as; pollen, dust, animal danders, food, … can also occur as a result of drug or bee stings or stings from other insects (an allergen). An allergen; an antigen that causes allergy. Either inhaled, ingested, .. Can be complete protein antigens (Pollen and animal dander) or low molecular weight proteins. IgE Mediated: Type I

Slide 10 -

Atopy is the genetic predisposition to make IgE antibodies in response to allergen exposure. Etiology is unknown but there is strong evidence for a complex of genes with a variable degree of expression encoding protein factors. Allergic rhinitis, allergic athma, atopic dermatitis are the most common manifestation of atopy. Allergic gastroenteropathy is rara. These manifestation may coexist in the same patients at different times. Atopy can be asymptomatic. Atopy

Slide 11 -

Genes Identified to date in Atopy

Slide 12 -

Proteins Foreign serum Vaccines Plant pollens Rye grass Ragweed Timothy grass Birch trees Drugs Penicillin Sulfonamides Local anethetics Salicylates Foods Nuts Seafood Eggs Peas, beans Milk Insect products Bee venom Wasp venom Ant venom Cockroach calyx Dust mites Mold spores Animal hair and dander Common allergens associated with type I hypersenstivity

Slide 13 -

While first-time exposure may only produce a mild reaction, repeated exposures may lead to more serious reactions. Once a person is sensitized (has had a previous sensitivity reaction), even a very limited exposure to a very small amount of allergen can trigger a severe reaction. Most occur within seconds or minutes after exposure to the allergen, but some can occur after several hours, particularly if the allergen causes a reaction after it is partially digested. In very rare cases, reactions develop after 24 hours. Mechanism

Slide 14 -

Immunopathogenesis Both mast cells and basophils are involved in immunopathogenesis of IgE mediated diseases. Mast cells and basophils have a high affinity IgE cell membrane receptors for IgE. Immediate hypersensitivity reactions are mediated by IgE, but T and B cells play important roles in the development of these antibodies

Slide 15 -

ppt slide no 15 content not found

Slide 16 -

ppt slide no 16 content not found

Slide 17 -

Mast cell are abundant in the mucosa of the respiratory, gastrointestinal tracts and in the skin, where atopic reaction localize. Mast cell release mediator cause the pathophysiology of the immediate and late phases of atopic diseases. Mast Cell

Slide 18 -

Mast Cell Activation

Slide 19 -

Mast cell Classic Allergic Reaction Flushing Hypotension Increased mucus production Pruritus Smooth muscle contraction Vascular leakage Late –phase Reaction Eosinophil infiltration Neutrophil infiltration Fibrin deposition Mononuclear infiltration Tissue destruction Minutes Hours

Slide 20 -

Histamine: is one well-known mediator. This mediator acts on histamine 1 (H1) and histamine 2 (H2) receptors to cause: contraction of smooth muscles of the airway and GI tract, increased vascular permeability and vasodilation, nasal mucus production, airway mucus production, pruritus, cutaneous vasodilation, and gastric acid secretion. Serotonin: increased vascular permeability and contraction of smooth Muscles. Tryptase: is a major protease released by mast cells; its exact role is uncertain, but it can cleave C3 and C3a. Tryptase is found in all human mast cells but in few other cells and thus is a good marker of mast cell activation. Proteoglycans: include heparin and chondroitin sulfate. Chemotactic factors …………………. Performed Mediators/ Primary Mediators

Slide 21 -

Performed Mediators/ Secondary Mediators Platelet activating factor Leukotriens Prostaglandinin Bardykainin Cytokines IL1 ,TNF IL2,IL3,IL4,IL5,L6

Slide 22 -

ppt slide no 22 content not found

Slide 23 -

Important Clinical Aspects of Immediate Hypersensitivity

Slide 24 -

Food Hypersensitivity Source: http://www.allergycentre.com.my/index.html

Slide 25 -

Food Hypersensitivity Source: http://www.allergycentre.com.my/index.html

Slide 26 -

Immunopathologic responses into the following 7 categories: Inactivation/activation antibody reactions Cytotoxic or cytolytic antibody reactions Immune-complex reactions Allergic reactions T-cell cytotoxic reactions Delayed hypersensitivity reactions Granulomatous reactions This system accounts for the fact that multiple components of the immune system can be involved in various types of hypersensitivity reactions. For example, T cells play an important role in the pathophysiology of allergic reactions . In addition, the term immediate hypersensitivity is somewhat of a misnomer because it does not account for the late-phase reaction or for the chronic allergic inflammation that often occurs with these types of reaction. References & more: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/136217-overview#a0104 References: Sell S, Rich RR, Fleisher TA, et al, eds. Clinical Immunology: Principles and Practice. ed. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby-Year Book; 1996:449-77 Immunopathologic Response Classification System Proposed by Sell et al., 1996

Slide 27 -

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis involves inhalation of an antigen. This leads to an exaggerated immune response (hypersensitivity). Type III hypersensitivity and type IV hypersensitivity occur in hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Allergic contact dermatitis. … Allergic Hypersensitivity: Non IgE Mediated

Slide 28 -

Comparison of Allergy with other Responses

Slide 29 -

Laboratory Diagnosis IgE-Mediated Allergies

Slide 30 -

The cutaneous test (prick test, puncture test epicutaneous test) Routine diagnosis in diseases (atopic or anaphylactic). A single drop of concentrated aqueous allergen extract placed on the skin which is then pricked lightly with a needle point at the center of the drop. After 20 minutes the reaction is graded and recorded Skin Tests

Slide 31 -

IgE levels may be elevated in patients who are atopic, but the level does not necessarily correlate with clinical symptoms. The tryptase level can be elevated, which is indicative of mast cell degranulation. False-negative results can occur. An elevated eosinophil count may be observed in patients with atopic disease. RAST/CAP RAST/CAP FEIA (fluorenzymeimmunoassay): measures antigen-specific IgE. Laboratory Tests

Slide 32 -

Nasal smear Elevated eosinophil levels can be consistent with allergic rhinitis. Spirometry or pulmonary function tests offer an objective means of assessingasthma. Peak-flow meters can also be used for this and can be used by patients at home to monitor their status Nasal smear/ Spirometry

Slide 33 -

Standardized diagnostic allergens are not available for drugs

Slide 34 -

Prevention Avoid triggers such as foods and medications,…… that have caused an allergic reaction, even a mild one. This includes detailed questioning about ingredients when eating away from home. Ingredient labels should also be carefully examined. A medical ID tag should be worn by people who know that they have serious allergic reaction. If any history of a serious allergic reactions, carry emergency medications (such as diphenihydramine and injectable epinephrine. Do not use your injectable epinephrine on anyone else. They may have a condition (such as a heart problem) that could be affected by this drug.

Slide 35 -

Treatment

Slide 36 -

Allergic diseases: in Medical Immunology .eds ( Tristram G.Parslow, Daniel P. A Stites, Abba I.Terr.and John B. Imboden), 814 pages tenth edition. McGraw-Hill/Appleton & Lange; 10 edition 2001) (March 23, ISBN-13: 978-0838563007 ISBN-10: 0838563007 Anaphylaxis and Urticaria: in Medical Immunology .eds ( Tristram G.Parslow, Daniel P. A Stites, Abba I.Terr.and John B. Imboden), 814 pages tenth edition. McGraw-Hill/Appleton & Lange; 10 edition 2001) (March 23, ISBN-13: 978-0838563007 ISBN-10: 0838563007 Adkinson NF Jr. Middleton’s Allergy: Principles and Practice. 6th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby; 2003. Rakel RE. Textbook of Family Medicine. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders; 2007. Miriam K Anand, Michael A Kaliner, et al., Advances in Immunology. N Engl. J.Med,. vol. 344, No.1. January4, 2001. Available from. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/136217-overview#a0104 Sell S, Rich RR, Fleisher TA, et al, eds. Clinical Immunology: Principles and Practice. ed. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby-Year Book; 1996:449-77 References &Further Reading

Slide 37 -

SariSabban. Allergy Pathway. 1September 2011The http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_Allergy_Pathway.jpg Wolfgang Ihloff. Allergy skin.30.1.2008. testing. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Allergy_skin_testing.JPG Mast cell. Http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mast_cells.jpg Wenliang Zhang. Universty of Geogorgia. Immunology. The immune system.. http://wenliang.myweb.uga.edu/mystudy/immunology/ScienceOfImmunology/Hypersensitivitydiseases.html Dr. M. Yadav. Food Hypersensitivity. http://www.allergycentre.com.my/index.html Image Citation

Slide 38 -

THANK YOU

Frequently Asked Questions

> About SlidesFinder?

Slidesfinder is a website that allows users to upload and share their PowerPoint presentations online. It provides a platform for individuals and businesses to share their ideas and knowledge through presentations, and for others to view and download these presentations for educational or professional purposes.
Slidesfinder offers a wide range of presentation topics and categories, including business, education, science, technology, health, and more. Users can also search for presentations using keywords, tags, or by category. The website provides tools to create professional presentations with rich media, animations, and graphics.

One of the key features of Slidesfinder is its user-friendly interface, which allows users to easily upload, view, and share presentations. Users can also embed their presentations in their websites or blogs using the website's embed code feature.
Slidesfinder also offers premium services, such as the ability to create private presentations and to download presentations in high-quality formats. However, the basic features of Slidesfinder are free to use, making it accessible to anyone who wants to share their ideas and knowledge through presentations.

> How do I register with SlidesFinder?

Go to registration page (you can see signup link on top of website page) https://www.slidesfinder.com/signup . If you have facebook/gmail account them just click on SIGN IN WITH FACEBOOK OR SIGN IN WITH GOOGLE button, by this you will be a registered member of slidesfinder without filling any form, required detail automatically will be fatch from your account. If you do not a Facebook account, then click on "Signup". Fill all required fields and you will be a registered member of slidesfinder.

> Is slidesfinder account confirmation is mandatory?

Yes it is mandetory to active your account to login.

> Do I need to signup/login on SlidesFinder before uploading a PowerPoint presentation?

Yes, you need to login with your account before uploading presentation. Your username will be displayed on your uploaded presentation. Your registered email id is needed for sending your stats of uploaded presentation.

Slidesfinder is a sharing website for PowerPoint presentations search and share. Find your interest in the form of powerpoint presentations on slidesfinder and save your valuable time . On Slidesfinder you get presentations from our huge library of professional ppt presentations. We believe in making your search INFORMATIVE and FUN. Find your best ppt presentation from a pool of PowerPoint presentations stacked under important industry categories like business & management, heath & Wellness,eduction & training etc. We provide unique informative PowerPoint presentation for marketers, presenters and educationists. These professional PowerPoint presentations are uploaded by professionals from across numerous industry segments.These ppt presentations are available for FREE download.

Not just finding your interest, but facilitate you broadcast your interest. We have created this platform for easy sharing of PowerPoint presentations, ensuring that these presentations get maximum exposure. Create your slidesfinder account and upload PowerPoint presentations for free, share on social media platforms and BUILD YOUR CROWD WITH PRESENTATION !!

The Great Buddha says, "Share your knowledge.It’s a way to achieve immortality"! So, start sharing knowledge and we are here to make that immortal !!

Re-productivity of content are not allowed. Without prior written permission from author, commercial use of any content is illegal.