X

Download Acute Appendicitis Georges Students Union PowerPoint Presentation

SlidesFinder-Advertising-Design.jpg

Login   OR  Register
X


Iframe embed code :



Presentation url :

Home / Health & Wellness / Health & Wellness Presentations / Acute Appendicitis Georges Students Union PowerPoint Presentation

Acute Appendicitis Georges Students Union PowerPoint Presentation

Ppt Presentation Embed Code   Zoom Ppt Presentation

PowerPoint is the world's most popular presentation software which can let you create professional Acute Appendicitis Georges Students Union powerpoint presentation easily and in no time. This helps you give your presentation on Acute Appendicitis Georges Students Union in a conference, a school lecture, a business proposal, in a webinar and business and professional representations.

The uploader spent his/her valuable time to create this Acute Appendicitis Georges Students Union powerpoint presentation slides, to share his/her useful content with the world. This ppt presentation uploaded by worldwideweb in Health & Wellness ppt presentation category is available for free download,and can be used according to your industries like finance, marketing, education, health and many more.

About This Presentation

Slide 1 - Acute Abdomen and Peritonitis Mohammad Mobasheri SpR General Surgery
Slide 2 - An abdominal condition of abrupt onset associated with severe abdominal pain (resulting from inflammation, obstruction, infarction, perforation, or rupture of intra-abdominal organs). Acute abdomen requires urgent evaluation and diagnosis because it may indicate a condition that requires urgent surgical intervention Acute Abdomen: Definition
Slide 3 - Visceral pain Comes from abdominal/pelvic viscera Transmitted by visceral afferent nerve fibres in response to stretching or excessive contraction Dull in nature and vague Poorly localised Foregut  epigastrium Midgut  para-umbilical Hindgut  suprapubic Somatic pain Comes from parietal peritoneum (which is innervated by somatic nerves) Sharp in nature Well localised Made worse by movement, better by lying still Referred pain Pain felt some distance away from its origin Mechanism not clear Most popular theory: nerves transmitting visceral and somatic pain (e.g. from viscera or parietal peritoneum) travel to specific spinal cord segment and can result in irriation of sensory nerves that supply the corresponding dermatomes E.g. Gallbladder inflammation can irritate diaphragm which is innervated by C3,4,5. Dermatomes of these spinal cord segments supplies the shoulder, hence referred shoulder tip pain. Physiology of Abdominal Pain
Slide 4 - Intestinal Acute appendicitis, mesenteric adenitis, mekel’s diverticulitis, perforated peptic ulcer, gastroenteritis, diverticulitis, intestinal obstruction, strangulated hernia Hepatobiliary Biliary colic, cholecystitis, cholangitis, pancreatitis, hepatitis Vascular Ruptured AAA, acute mesenteric ischaemia, ischaemic colitis Urological Renal colic, UTI, testicular torsion, acute urinary retention Gynaecological Ectopic pregnancy, ovarian cyst pathology (rupture/haemorrhage into cyst/torsion), salpingitis, endometriosis, mittelschmerz (mid-cycle pain) Medical (can mimic an acute abdomen) Pneumonia, MI, DKA, sickle cell crisis, porphyria Causes of Acute Abdomen
Slide 5 - History Examination Simple Investigations More complex investigations based on findings of the above Most diagnosis can be made on history and examination alone, with investigations to confirm the diagnosis Acute Abdomen: Making the diagnosis
Slide 6 - Abdominal pain – features will point you towards diagnosis SOCRATES Site and duration Onset – sudden vs gradual Character – colicky, sharp, dull, burning Radiation – e.g. Into back or shoulder (Associated symptoms – discussed later) Timing – constant, coming and going Exacerbating and alleviating factors Severity 2 other useful questions about the pain: Have you had a similar pain previously? What do you think could be causing the pain? Acute Abdomen: The History
Slide 7 - Associated symptoms GI: bowels last opened, bowel habit (diarrhoea/constipation), PR bleeding/melaena, dyspeptic symptoms, vomiting Urine: dysuria, heamaturia, urgency/frequency Gynaecological: normal cycle, LMP, IMB, dysmenorrhoea/menorrhagia, PV discharge Others: fever, appetite, weight loss, distention Any previous abdominal investigations and findings Other components of history PMH e.g. Could patient be having a flare up/complication of a known condition e.g. Known diverticular disease, previous peptic ulcers, known gallstones DH e.g. Steroids and peptic ulcer disease/acute pancreatitis SH e.g. Alcoholics and acute pancreatitis Acute Abdomen: The History
Slide 8 - Inspection: scars/asymmetry/distention Palaption: Point of maximal tenderness Features of peritonitis (localised vs generalised) Guarding Percussion tenderness Rebound tenderness Mass Specific signs (Rovsing’s sign, murphy’s sign, cullen’s sign, grey-turner’s sign) Percussion: shifting dullness/tympanic Auscultation: bowel sounds Absent Normal Hyperactive tinkling The above will point you to potential diagnosis Acute Abdomen: The Examination
Slide 9 - Liver (hepatitis) Gall bladder (gallstones) Stomach (peptic ulcer, gastritis) Hepatic flexure colon (cancer) Lung (pneumonia) Acute Abdomen: The Examination Ascending colon (cancer,) Kidney (stone, hydronephrosis, UTI) Appendix (Appendicitis) Caecum (tumour, volvulus, closed loop obstruction) Terminal ileum (crohns, mekels) Ovaries/fallopian tube (ectopic, cyst, PID) Ureter (renal colic) Liver (hepatitis) Gall bladder (gallstones) Stomach (peptic ulcer, gastritis) Transverse colon (cancer) Pancreas (pancreatitis) Heart (MI) Spleen (rupture) Pancreas (pancreatitis) Stomach (peptic ulcer) Splenic flexure colon (cancer) Lung (pneumonia) Descending colon (cancer) Kidney (stone, hydronephrosis, UTI) Sigmoid colon (diverticulitis, colitis, cancer) Ovaries/fallopian tube (ectopic, cyst, PID) Ureter (renal colic) Uterus (fibroid, cancer) Bladder (UTI, stone) Sigmoid colon (diverticulitis) Small bowel (obstruction/ischaemia) Aorta (leaking AAA)
Slide 10 - Simple Investigations: Bloods tests (FBC, U&E, LFT, amylase, clotting, CRP, G&S, ABG) Urine dipstick Pregnancy test (all women of child bearing age with lower abdominal pain) AXR/E-CXR ECG More complex investigations: USS Contrast studies Endoscopy (OGD/colonoscopy/ERCP) CT MRI Acute Abdomen: Investigations
Slide 11 - Urgent surgery should not be delayed for time consuming tests when an indication for surgery is clear The following three categories of general surgical problems will require emergency surgery Generalised peritonitis on examination (regardless of cause – except acute pancreatitis, hence all patients get amylase) Perforation (air under diaphragm on E-CXR) Irreducible and tender hernia (risk of strangulation) Acute Abdomen: Investigations
Slide 12 - Peritonitis – inflammation of the peritoneum which maybe localised or generalised Peritonism – refers to specific features found on abdominal examination in those with peritonitis Characterised by tenderness with guarding, rebound/percussion tenderness on examination Peritonism is eased by lying still and exacerbated by any movement Maybe localised or generalised Generalised peritonitis is a surgical emergency – requires resuscitation and immediate surgery Peritonitis
Slide 13 - Infective – bacteria cause peritonitis e.g. due to gangrene or perforation of a viscus (appendicitis/diverticulitis/perforated ulcer). This is the most common cause of peritonitis Non-infective – leakage of certain sterile body fluids into the peritoneum can cause peritonitis. Gastric juice (peptic ulcer) Bile (liver biopsy, post-cholecystectomy) Urine (pelvic trauma) Pancreatic juice (pancreatitis) Blood (endometriosis, ruptured ovarian cyst, abdominal trauma) Note: although sterile at first these fluids often become infected within 24-48 hrs of leakage from the affected organ resulting in a bacterial peritonitis Causes of Generalised Peritonitis
Slide 14 - Pain Constant and severe (site will give clue as to cause, or maybe generalised) Worse on movement (hence shallow breathing in those with generalised peritonitis to keep the abdomen still) Eased by lying still If localised peritonitis – peritonism is in a single area of the abdomen If generalised peritonitis – peritonism is all over abdomen with board like rigidity Signs of ileus (generalised peritonitis > localised peritonitis) Distention Vomiting Tympanic abdomen with reduced bowel sounds Signs of systemic shock Tachycardia, tachypnoea, hypotension, low urine output More prominent with generalised than localised peritonitis Clinical features of Peritonitis
Slide 15 - Diagnosis most often made on history and examination If localised peritonitis Investigations are those listed on “investigations for acute abdomen” slide All patients get simple investigations Complex investigations are requested depending on suspected diagnosis (remember that some diagnoses do not require complex investigations and are entirely based on history and examination e.g. Appendicitis) If generalised peritonitis Surgical emergency – will require emergency operation Following investigations should be performed: Bloods: FBC, U&E, LFT, Amylase!! (acute pancreatitis can present with generalised peritonitis and does not require emergency surgery), CRP, clotting, G&S, ABG AXR and Erect CXR CT scan Only if this can be performed urgently and patient is stable If this can not be performed urgently or patient is unstable then for surgery without delay Does not change management (i.e. Patients will need emergency surgery regardless) but useful as will identify cause of peritonitis therefore helping to plan surgical procedure Other Time consuming complex investigations should not be performed as they will only delay definitive treatment (emergency surgery) and add very little Investigations for Peritonitis
Slide 16 - ABC Oxygen Fluid resuscitation (large bore cannule, bloods, IVF, catheter) IV antibiotics (Augmentin and metronidazole) Analgesia Surgery (with or without preceeding CT depending on availability and stability of patients) Resuscitation of Generalised Peritonitis
Slide 17 - The End Questions
 

Frequently Asked Questions

> About SlidesFinder?

Slidesfinder is a website that allows users to upload and share their PowerPoint presentations online. It provides a platform for individuals and businesses to share their ideas and knowledge through presentations, and for others to view and download these presentations for educational or professional purposes.
Slidesfinder offers a wide range of presentation topics and categories, including business, education, science, technology, health, and more. Users can also search for presentations using keywords, tags, or by category. The website provides tools to create professional presentations with rich media, animations, and graphics.



One of the key features of Slidesfinder is its user-friendly interface, which allows users to easily upload, view, and share presentations. Users can also embed their presentations in their websites or blogs using the website's embed code feature.
Slidesfinder also offers premium services, such as the ability to create private presentations and to download presentations in high-quality formats. However, the basic features of Slidesfinder are free to use, making it accessible to anyone who wants to share their ideas and knowledge through presentations.

> How do I register with SlidesFinder?

Go to registration page (you can see signup link on top of website page) https://www.slidesfinder.com/signup . If you have facebook/gmail account them just click on SIGN IN WITH FACEBOOK OR SIGN IN WITH GOOGLE button, by this you will be a registered member of slidesfinder without filling any form, required detail automatically will be fatch from your account. If you do not a Facebook account, then click on "Signup". Fill all required fields and you will be a registered member of slidesfinder.

> Is slidesfinder account confirmation is mandatory?

Yes it is mandetory to active your account to login.

> Do I need to signup/login on SlidesFinder before uploading a PowerPoint presentation?

Yes, you need to login with your account before uploading presentation. Your username will be displayed on your uploaded presentation. Your registered email id is needed for sending your stats of uploaded presentation.

Slidesfinder is a sharing website for PowerPoint presentations search and share. Find your interest in the form of powerpoint presentations on slidesfinder and save your valuable time . On Slidesfinder you get presentations from our huge library of professional ppt presentations. We believe in making your search INFORMATIVE and FUN. Find your best ppt presentation from a pool of PowerPoint presentations stacked under important industry categories like business & management, heath & Wellness,eduction & training etc. We provide unique informative PowerPoint presentation for marketers, presenters and educationists. These professional PowerPoint presentations are uploaded by professionals from across numerous industry segments.These ppt presentations are available for FREE download.

Not just finding your interest, but facilitate you broadcast your interest. We have created this platform for easy sharing of PowerPoint presentations, ensuring that these presentations get maximum exposure. Create your slidesfinder account and upload PowerPoint presentations for free, share on social media platforms and BUILD YOUR CROWD WITH PRESENTATION !!

The Great Buddha says, "Share your knowledge.It’s a way to achieve immortality"! So, start sharing knowledge and we are here to make that immortal !!

© 2013-2024 SlidesFinder. All rights reserved.

Re-productivity of content are not allowed. Without prior written permission from author, commercial use of any content is illegal.