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Respiration PowerPoint Presentation

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komalgotwal

Description : Ppt Presentation on Respiration which is created by Debbie Corral and available for free download Respiration powerpoint presentation.

Tags : Respiration

Published on : Aug 18, 2018
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Respiration Presentation Transcript

Slide 1 -

Respiration

Slide 2 -

Custard powder experiment Did the food contain energy? What kind of energy did it have to start with? What kinds of energy was this released as?

Slide 3 -

ppt slide no 3 content not found

Slide 4 -

Comparing energy in carbohydrates, proteins and fats Use different types of food to calculate which will give the most energy

Slide 5 -

Results

Slide 6 -

Calculating energy in food A given amount of any substance always requires the same amount of energy to produce a particular increase in temperature. 1000g of water needs………………..4.2 kJ to make its temperature rise by 1 oC

Slide 7 -

Calculating the energy content of foods The formula to calculate the energy release is 4.2 x M x T Now calculate the energy content of your foods 1000 M = mass of water (g) T=rise in temperature ( °C)

Slide 8 -

Calorimeter

Slide 9 -

Gases and respiration A: Living Peas B: Dead Peas Burn a lighted splint in each gas jar.

Slide 10 -

Do other organisms respire? breathing and respiration

Slide 11 -

1 Which type of energy does food contain? 2 What is this energy converted to by other organisms? Give at least 3 examples. (i) (ii) (iii) 3 What name is given to the process by which organisms release energy? 4 What kind of energy is always released in respiration?

Slide 12 -

The Chemistry of Respiration energy and mitochondria clip

Slide 13 -

Adenosine triphosphate The energy released during respiration is not used directly by cells. Instead it is used to make a molecule called ATP which stores the energy until it is needed. ATP = Adenosine triphosphate

Slide 14 -

What does ATP do? ATP supplies energy for all the processes that need it. For example: movement chemical reactions growth. slow twitch/fast twitch investigation

Slide 15 -

Structure of ATP

Slide 16 -

Formation of ATP ATP is made when another molecule called adenosine diphosphate (ADP) is bonded to a third inorganic phosphate (Pi) using the energy released from glucose.

Slide 17 -

Enzymes Energy from respiration Energy Rich bond formed

Slide 18 -

Summarised as: ADP + Pi ATP The whole process is under the control of enzymes

Slide 19 -

The role of ATP ATP stores the energy in the third bond of the molecule The energy is released when that bond is broken to release the third inorganic phosphate (Pi) .

Slide 20 -

Energy released to do work ATP ADP Enzymes

Slide 21 -

Summary The whole process is an enzyme controlled reaction.

Slide 22 -

Aerobic Respiration Aerobic respiration = respiration with oxygen.

Slide 23 -

glucose + OXYGEN energy + carbon dioxide + water (to make ATP)

Slide 24 -

Aerobic respiration happens in 2 stages: Stage 1 – Glycolysis glyco lysis glucose splitting

Slide 25 -

In glycolysis, a glucose molecule is broken down into pyruvic acid. energy released to make small quantity of ATP (2 molecules) series of enzyme controlled reactions pyruvic acid glucose Glycolysis does not require oxygen

Slide 26 -

Stage 2 – Breakdown of pyruvic acid The pyruvic acid made in glycolysis (stage1) still contains a lot of energy It can only be broken down to release the rest of the energy in the presence of oxygen.

Slide 27 -

energy released to make large quantity of ATP (36 molecules) series of enzyme controlled reactions pyruvic acid carbon dioxide + water

Slide 28 -

ATP production – summary 36 ADP + 36 Pi = 36 ATP glucose pyruvic acid carbon dioxide + water 2 ADP + 2 Pi = 2 ATP

Slide 29 -

Summary of ATP production Stage 1 and 2 release all the chemical energy in one molecule of glucose to make a total of 38 ATP molecules. 2 molecules ATP from glucose  pyruvic acid 36 molecules ATP from pyruvic acid  carbon- dioxide + water Total 38 molecules ATP

Slide 30 -

Anaerobic Respiration (in animals) anaerobic = in the absence of oxygen

Slide 31 -

In low oxygen conditions or during heavy exercise, when not enough oxygen can be supplied, muscle cells swap to anaerobic respiration

Slide 32 -

glycolysis still happens as it does not require oxygen in absence of oxygen pyruvic acid is turned into lactic acid. pyruvic acid lactic acid glucose 2 ADP + 2 Pi 2 ATP

Slide 33 -

A build up of lactic acid produces muscle fatigue. Muscle fatigue makes muscles ache and contract less powerfully. A recovery period is needed. During this time more oxygen is taken in to convert the lactic acid back into pyruvic acid again. The volume of oxygen needed is called the oxygen debt.

Slide 34 -

Summary oxygen debt e.g. during hard exercise oxygen debt repaid during recovery time glucose pyruvic acid lactic acid

Slide 35 -

Anaerobic Respiration in plants The same process occurs in plants and yeast in low oxygen conditions, e.g. muddy, flooded soils.

Slide 36 -

glycolysis still happens, producing 2 ATP molecules This time in absence of oxygen, pyruvic acid is turned into carbon dioxide and ethanol glucose pyruvic acid ethanol + carbon dioxide This is irreversible 2 ADP + 2 Pi 2 ATP

Slide 37 -

Comparison of aerobic and anaerobic respiration

Slide 38 -

Task Prepare a series of PowerPoint slides which show the importance of anaerobic respiration in the brewing and bread-making processes. Prepare a couple of slides to show the role of anaerobic respiration in the production of cheese and yogurt. [Pages 4 -14 of your textbook will help you with these tasks if you are finding it difficult to find information on the internet].

Slide 39 -

This powerpoint was kindly donated to www.worldofteaching.com http://www.worldofteaching.com is home to over a thousand powerpoints submitted by teachers. This is a completely free site and requires no registration. Please visit and I hope it will help in your teaching.

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