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Tsunami PowerPoint Presentation

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Tsunami Presentation Transcript

Slide 1 - Tsunami’s: Past, Present & Future Presented By : Kaylee Anderson Kristin Gregory Kari Poulain
Slide 2 - How Tsunamis are Formed Formed by a displacement of water caused by one of the following: Landslide Volcanic eruption Slippage between two tectonic plates
Slide 3 - How They Cause Damage Travel about 600 mph at the epicenter, but slow down to about 30-40 mph as it moves towards the shoreline Actually multiple waves, not just one Aftershock can create more tsunamis if strong enough
Slide 4 - ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
Slide 5 - “The environment is in trouble, there’s no question” -Bill Eichbaum World Wildlife Fund
Slide 6 - Ground/Drinking Water The tsunami compromised much of the area’s safe drinking water. Breeding ground for disease People in this region dependent on wells vs. running water
Slide 7 - The Land Rice Fields are brown Much farmland now ‘useless’ Changed the contours of the land Costal forests lay in ruin Beaches washed away or littered with debris
Slide 8 - The Water Much of the natural reef in the region has been destroyed or will die in the near future. Suffocating under layers of mud Marine life from the shore to a mile out suffered the most damage. 6th Sense Fisheries Mangroves vital for protection
Slide 9 - Human Impact
Slide 10 - Their Effects on Humanity After a major catastrophe, people are vulnerable to diseases Water borne and others Women were hit hardest The people in the communities are greatly effected Bad for their economy
Slide 11 - Threat of Disease There is a threat for typhoid, malaria, cholera, dysentery, and waterborne disease Children and elderly most at risk
Slide 12 - Contaminated Water The water may carry more than 50 different diseases It’s the leading killer of populations affected by disaster Surging seawater, hot and humid weather, sewage, and decomposing bodies are contaminating many water supplies Ideal breeding grounds for mosquitoes Not much dry land for burying corpses CNN.com
Slide 13 - The Tsunami Hit Women Hardest 3 times more women than men were killed on average This scarcity of females has led to women being sexually assaulted an increase in domestic violence and; women being forced into marriage (mainly for protection) The radical changes in the population of these villages will likely alter their communities for good. (CNN.com) Men are now in a difficult position.
Slide 14 - Destruction The waves destroyed many cities, fishing villages, and resorts along the coast The fishing nets swept out to sea are a potential threat to fish, birds and mammals Killed over 250,000 people – “one of the worst human tragedies in history” (the UN Environment Programme)
Slide 15 - Fears of contaminated Seafood People fear the fish could pass on disease or bacteria Although scientific evidence shows no contamination People are choosing dried fish over a fresher product, causing the fish markets to suffer
Slide 16 - Seafood cont… Churning sea made an abundance of food available for the fish Micro-organisms Plankton Plants Other dead fish Experts say the tsunami will have a positive effect on the food chain
Slide 17 - The Future
Slide 18 - How to Prevent Future Disasters The Importance of Tsunami Warning Systems
Slide 19 - Why It’s Important: “What we would like to see happen is countries managing the risks instead of managing emergencies.” -Max Dilley, research scientist at Columbia We should be proactive as opposed to reactive
Slide 20 - How to be Proactive Strengthening building codes Implementing early warning systems Warning centers with computer technology Education for populace
Slide 21 - Difficulties in Asia TIMING warnings need to occur within 10-20 minutes variable timing (hard to determine) when waves will hit the shoreline COMMUNICATION Much of Asia’s population lives without modern communications warning becomes difficult and useless
Slide 22 - A Logical Approach Model warning system for the Indian Ocean after the Pacific Ocean’s system System could be in place within the next two years
Slide 23 - Pacific System Logistics Has been in place for decades implemented in 1965 after years of tsunamis Currently links 26 nations Network of buoys and seismic stations hundreds of seismic stations coastal tide gauges deep-water buoys
Slide 24 - How Buoys Work Contain two parts: pressure sensor and surface transmitter pressure sensor: ability to sense when sea level rises above normal by only a centimeter, warning of a tsunami information then sent to surface transmitter, which sends information to stations by satellite
Slide 25 - Cost-Benefit Analysis Cost of each buoy: $250,000 Extremely expensive maintenance costs About 6 major tsunamis hit the Pacific each decade, Asia experiences far less Benefits if system had already been in place in the Indian Ocean, thousands of lives in Asia could have been spared
Slide 26 - What Needs to be Done? Mangroves need to be rehabilitated and added onto Less dependence on well water Government Intervention and continued UN presence. Use this as a lesson for the future, because tsunamis will happen again!
Slide 27 - Why Should We Care? Moral obligation Business sense/globalization Diplomatic ties In hopes that other countries will follow suite
Slide 28 - Quiz Time!
Slide 29 - Question #1 What are two of the three ways a tsunami can be formed?? Landslides Volcanic Eruptions Movement of Plates
Slide 30 - Question #2 How fast do tsunami’s travel? (Either at the epicenter or around land) 600 MPH at epicenter 30-40 MPH by coastline
Slide 31 - Question #3 What is the major effect of the landscape changing? Increases likeliness of flooding, especially in areas that previously weren’t at an especially high risk.
Slide 32 - Question #4 Who did the tsunami hit the hardest? Women
Slide 33 - Question #5 What is the name of the buoy system currently in place in the Pacific? The Pacific System Logistic
Slide 34 - How You Can Help… Red Cross www.redcross.org UNICEF www.unicef.org AmeriCares www.americares.org Asia Foundation www.give2asia.org/projects/tsunami Habitat For Humanity www.habitat.org Save the Children www.savethechildren.org/emergencies/tsunami Relief International www.ri.org
Slide 35 - Sources Consulted CNN Dr. Wayne Nafziger Tsunami Museum Boston Globe World Environmental News The New York Times