Conference on Green Technology PowerPoint Presentation

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Cleaner practices through optimization of resources and geoinformatics By Dr. Sampath Kumar M.C - Faculty, Environmental engineering Division, B.M.S College of engineering, Bangalore, India. email:sampathmc61@gmail.com

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SCHEME OF PRESENTATION 1. ABSTRACT 2. STUDY AREA 3.CLEANER PRACTICES –CASE STUDIES 4.INTEGRATION OF GEOINFORMATICS 4. METHODOLOGY - Laboratory Analysis - Drastic Model Analysis 5. CONCLUSIONS 2

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INTRODUCTION Green Technology is the application of the environmental science to conserve the natural environment and resources, and to curb the negative impacts of human involvement. The field of "green technology" encompasses a continuously evolving group of methods and materials, from techniques for generating energy to non-toxic cleaning products.

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Applications of green technology: Application of green technology includes recycling, waste water treatment, material efficiency, reduction of noise and solid waste management. Goals of green technology:

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OBJECTIVES OBJECTIVE 1: Energy conservation at heat treatment shop OBJECTIVE 2: Estimation of Water and chemical trend for surface treatment shop OBJECTIVE 3: Ambient noise level monitoring (inside and outside the Bosch campus)

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WORK DONE OBJECTIVE 1: Energy conservation at heat treatment shop PROCESS:

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WORK DONE CONTD. ANALYSIS AND OBSERVATIONS: Optimization of temperature of the alkali solution: The temperature of the alkali solution was previously maintained at 80°C in alkali washers. The temperature was reduced in decremental steps of 5° C at once and cleaning efficacy and energy consumption was monitored for one week for various components. It is now finally optimized and fixed at 60 ° C The cleaning of the components was monitored using an ultrasonic cleaning device.

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WORK DONE CONTD.

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WORK DONE CONTD. Analysis Objective 1: Table representing energy consumption by alkali washer at different temperatures:

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WORK DONE CONTD. CALCULATIONS OF CO2 EMISSION AND CARBON CREDITS: Assuming power supply from thermal power plants from literature, for producing 1MWh of electricity - 0.95 tones of CO2 is emitted. Based on this, CO2 emissions for various power consuptions are calculated and tabulated below. 1 tone emission of CO2 = 1 carbon credit. 12

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WORK DONE CONTD. ECONOMICAL ASPECTS : The economics has been estimated by two steps Savings by reduction in energy consumption By carbon credits Savings by reduction in energy consumption: By optimizing the temperature, the average energy savings is 456kWh/day/washer and a annual savings is 1,36,800kWh/washer. Presently 1kWh of energy is supplied at Rs. 6 for commercial purpose. Resulting in the savings of Rs.2,736/day/washer and Rs.8,20,800/annum/washer.

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WORK DONE CONTD. Savings by carbon credits: The reduction in CO2 emission by reduction of energy consumption by one washer is 132.5tones which is equal to 132.5 carbon credits. If the optimized temperature is implemented in all the three washers, the reduction in CO2 emission by reduction of energy consumption is 397.5tones which is equal to 397.5 carbon credits. Presently 1carboncredit = $21($1 ≈ Rs.55). The gain from carbon credit by one washer is Rs.7,287 annually. The gain from carbon credit by three washer is Rs.21,862 annually.

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RESULTS OBTAINED BY OPTMIZATION Reduction In Average energy consumption= 456kWh/washer/day = 1,36,800kWh/washer/annum CO2 emissions = 0.44tones/washer/day = 132tones/washer/annum There are 3 alkali washers, if this is implemented in all the 3 washers, Reduction In Average energy consumption= 1368kWh/washer/day = 4,10,400kWh/annum. CO2 emissions = 397.5tones /annum

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RESULTS OBTAINED This reduction leads to economic benefits, such as: Reduction by energy consumption This results in the savings of Rs.2,736/day/washer resulting in a annual savings of Rs.8,20,800 Presently there are 3 alkali washers and if the optimized temperature is implemented in all the 3, the resulting savings will be Rs.8,208/day and a annual savings of Rs.24,62,400 Carbon credits The gain from carbon credit by one washer is Rs.7,287 annually. The gain from carbon credit by three washer is Rs.21,862 annually.

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Environmental management system An Environmental Management System (EMS) is a set of processes and practices that enable an organization to reduce its environmental impacts and increase its operating efficiency. An EMS is a voluntary management system for identifying, controlling and monitoring a facility’s activities, which have potential environmental impacts. Case study in a Chemical Process Industry 17

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Basic elements of EMS 18

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Aspect Impact analysis

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Aspect Impact Analysis   Aspect impact analysis carried out for certain activities is the most effective mechanism for review and evaluation of significant environment impact. By knowing the kind of activity and by giving the rating we can get to know if the activity is significant or not. The periodic reviewing; or reviewing as and when there is any change in the process/activity or whenever a new process/activity is added or planned can bring the necessary awareness of the environmental impacts of those activities. 20

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Impact is significant when any of the identified activity becomes: Legal Concern (LC) Interested Party Concern (IPC) Business Concern (BC) “Risk Priority Number (RPN) or Total Number” exceeds 10 21

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Benefits of EMS Cost savings; Reduced risk; Increased operational efficiency; Positive external relations and public image; Improved communication; Greater employee stewardship; Shared environmental solutions; and Improved public relations. 22

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Case study-Distillery 1. Wastewater quality assessment Characterisation and statistical analysis of wastewater parameters for its compliance to the KSPCB prescribed standards by one sample T-Test. Checking significance of values by independent T-test. Simulation by a software module. 2. Solid waste management To study the existing practises for managing the solid waste generated in the facility. Simulation by software module to interpret the ash data and waste label generated. Steps to eliminate the persisting problem or control measures for improvement which will help in better management of the generated solid waste.

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3. Stack air quality assessment Identifying the air pollution sources and control measures used by the facility walk through. Collection of data using checklist which are prepared exclusively for the management of solid waste. Analysing significance and correlation of parameters by using Statistical tools such as ANOVA and T-test. Steps to eliminate the persisting problem or control measures for improvement which will help in improving air quality. Extracting inferences, beneficial and meaningful to the industry.  4. Carbon Credits Identifying projects in the company which can earn carbon credits Description of the steps to acquire carbon credits through UNFCCC organization. Cost comparison between paddy husk boiler and coal fired boiler. Calculations of carbon credits which can be earned by Bio-methanation project in the company.

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Laboratory Studies Based on the reconnaissance surveys selection of the area 70 groundwater stations (sampling stations) were selected the study area of South Pennar sub-watershed having an area of 80 sq.kms Analyzed for Heavy metals for iron, copper, cadmium, zinc, nickel and chromium

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Table 2 indicates the permissible limits for drinking water (units in mg/l) (source: Bureau of Indian standards)

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DRASTIC MODEL ANALYSIS In the DRASTIC method, spatial data sets on Depth to ground water Recharge by rainfall Aquifer type Soil properties Topography Impact of the vadose zone and Aquifer’s hydraulic Conductivity are combined

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Area under vulnerability to groundwater pollution

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CONCLUSIONS The analysis of the ground water samples for heavy metals are compared with Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS,10500) guidelines) Iron content was found to be beyond the permissible limits at all the places (urban, semi urban and rural) areas (Fe < 0.3 mg/L) Copper content was found to be beyond the permissible limits (Cu < 0.05mg/L) at most of the places except at some villages which varied with monsoon Cadmium is well beyond the permissible limits (CD < 0.01 mg/L) at all the places. Zinc was found to be well within the permissible limits at all the places in urban, semi urban and rural area (Zn < 5 )

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Nickel was found to be well within the permissible limits at all the places in urban, semi urban and rural areas (Ni≤3mg/L). Chromium was absent in most of the places, even if present was well within the permissible limits (Cr ≤0.05 mg/L) The results of this study shows that of the total 120 sq kms an area of about 22.50 sq.km is in the low vulnerable zone with a DRASTIC index range between 110and120, About 35 sq.kms are in the moderately vulnerable zone with a DRASTIC index ranging between120-130, About 43 sq.kms are in the high vulnerability zone with a DRASTIC index ranging between 140 and 150 and About 20 sq.kms are in the very high vulnerability zone with a Drastic index of more than 150

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Thank you Thank you

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About OMICS Group OMICS Group International is an amalgamation of Open Access publications and worldwide international science conferences and events. Established in the year 2007 with the sole aim of making the information on Sciences and technology ‘Open Access’, OMICS Group publishes 400 online open access scholarly journals in all aspects of Science, Engineering, Management and Technology journals. OMICS Group has been instrumental in taking the knowledge on Science & technology to the doorsteps of ordinary men and women. Research Scholars, Students, Libraries, Educational Institutions, Research centers and the industry are main stakeholders that benefitted greatly from this knowledge dissemination. OMICS Group also organizes 300 International conferences annually across the globe, where knowledge transfer takes place through debates, round table discussions, poster presentations, workshops, symposia and exhibitions.

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About OMICS Group Conferences OMICS Group International is a pioneer and leading science event organizer, which publishes around 400 open access journals and conducts over 300 Medical, Clinical, Engineering, Life Sciences, Phrama scientific conferences all over the globe annually with the support of more than 1000 scientific associations and 30,000 editorial board members and 3.5 million followers to its credit. OMICS Group has organized 500 conferences, workshops and national symposiums across the major cities including San Francisco, Las Vegas, San Antonio, Omaha, Orlando, Raleigh, Santa Clara, Chicago, Philadelphia, Baltimore, United Kingdom, Valencia, Dubai, Beijing, Hyderabad, Bengaluru and Mumbai.

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Let Us Meet Again We welcome you all to our future conferences of OMICS Group International Please Visit:http://materialsscience.conferenceseries.com/ Contact us at materialsscience.conference@omicsgroup.us materialsscience@omicsgroup.com